Communication With Critically Ill Patients Essay - 1276 Words

Alasad and Muayyad who are authors of the article â€Å"Communication with critically ill patients (2004) found that the nurses communicated and interacted less with unconscious patients than they did with verbally responsive patients. Additionally, a study carried out by Elliot and Wright (1999) showed that patients who were unable to open their eyes or squeeze the nurses hands were not given reassurance by nurses. A study conducted on adults who were mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU by Samuelson (2011) showed that only 81% remembered ICU experience and that 71% from these recalled unpleasant memories. Also, a study which focused on ICU patients by Hofhuis et al. (2016) showed that 11% of these patients reported psychological problems manifested by depression, fear, inability to concentrate, or other symptoms after ICU stay. Another study conducted by Happ et al. (2011) on nurses and non-speaking patients in the ICU showed that 37.7% of pain messages and 25% of messages about other unpleasant topics were unsuccessfully exchanged between the patients and nurses. Evidence from some of these studies emphasize that nurses should develop better communication skills so that they successfully communicate with and understand their patients, decreasing unpleasant experiences (Alasad Muayyad, 2004; Elliot Wright, 1999; Happ et al., 2011; Hofhuis et al., 2008; Samuelson, 2011). For instance, in a study assessing the patient-nurse interaction, in a critical care unit,Show MoreRelatedEffective Communication With Families Of Critically Ill Patients1577 Words   |  7 Pages Effective Communication with Families of Critically Ill Patients Taylor James-Britt Denver School of Nursing â€Æ' Abstract Communication as to end-of-life care within a critical care setting is discussed within this paper. Also examined will be the unexpected stress of a critically ill patient, the emotional impact the family must burden, and the utilization a family care conference to facilitate proper communication. Additionally, the first-hand experience of withdrawal of care that this authorRead MoreThe, Bundle And Role Of Critical Care Nurses1266 Words   |  6 Pagesventilator-associated pneumonia. The role of critical care nurses’ in the ICU is not only essential but it is pertinent in the success of a patients’ ability to recover and leave the ICU department. â€Å"A â€Å"bundle,† according to the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, is a set of evidence-based practices-generally 3-5-that, when performed collectively and reliably, improve patients’ outcomes. The Awakening and Breathing Coordination, Delirium Monitoring and Management, and Early Mobility (ABCDE ) bundle incorporatesRead MoreConcept of Critical Care1266 Words   |  6 PagesAs defined by the World Federation of Critical Care Nurses: Specialized nursing care of critically ill patients who have manifest or potential disturbances of vital organ functions. Critical care nursing means assisting, supporting and restoring the patient towards health, or to ease the patient’s pain and to prepare them for a dignified death. Aim To establish a therapeutic relationship with patients and their relatives and to empower the individuals’ physical, psychological, sociological,Read MoreEssay on Treatment or Not for Criticallly Ill789 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern medicine, we often come across the patients who are critically ill and their chances to sustain life are very less. In these cases it is very important for the patient and their families to make a decision whether to continue the treatment or not. This paper is based on this topic inspired by the study conducted (by Lind, R et al., 2013) on the patients who were critically ill and the involvement of their families in end-of-life decision. The purpose of this paper is to implement the findingsRead MoreNursing Assessment and Patient Care Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesin this patient was of a particular critical nature due to the fact that her dialysis treatment had moved her rapidly through the first two stages of shock with her compensatory mecha nisms failing very quickly (Tait, 2012). It was also much harder to identify the early signs of hypovolaemic shock, as some of the signs and symptoms could have been attributed to her kidney failure (Macintosh and Moore, 2011; Murphy and Byrne, 2009). The time span of the nursing care provided for this patient will beRead MoreIntroduction To Crossing The Quality Chasm : A New Health System For The 21st Century928 Words   |  4 PagesThe Institute of Medicine of 2001, states numerous areas where healthcare is failing patients, stating delivery of care is often overly complex and uncoordinated, leading to a slowdown in care rather than improved efficiency in regards to patient safety (Institute of Medicine, 2001). To account for the incommodious system, the Institute of Medicine discusses in a health policy review released titled Crossing the Quality Chasm: A new Health System for the 21st Century. six aims for improvement ofRead MoreEvaluation Of A Nursing For An Increased Intracranial Pressure New Admission933 Words   |  4 PagesMy charge nurse informed me that my assignment was to care for an increased intracranial pressure new admission. The gentleman was in his early thirties and he came in thought the hospital emergency department after wrecking his motorcycle. This patient was immediately transferred up to my intensive care unit and had family present. I went into the room to get report and my patient’s father constantly interrupted the dayshift nurse. He frantically asked what was happening, if there was any hope ofRead MoreEvaluation Of An Increased Intracranial Pressure New Admission Patient936 Words   |  4 PagesSimulation Reflection My charge nurse informed me that my assignment was to care for an increased intracranial pressure new admission patient. The gentleman was in his early thirties and he came in thought the hospital emergency department after wrecking his motorcycle. This patient was immediately transferred up to my intensive care unit and had family present. I went into the room to get report and my patient’s father constantly interrupted the day shift nurse. He frantically asked what was happeningRead MoreEssay on Importance of Communication Between Doctors and Nurses916 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Effective Communication between Doctors and Nurses during End-of-Life Care in the Intensive Care Unit End-of-life care, as defined by the U.S. National Institute on Aging, is the term used to describe the support and medical care given during the time surrounding death. The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a specialty area that cares for critically-ill patients who are facing life-threatening problems. The goal of the ICU is to help patients and their families get through this difficultRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Ill Patients1978 Words   |  8 Pages2009, p.213). Patients who are critically ill often require multiple therapies, monitoring devices, and mechanical ventilation. A majority of the critically ill patients remain in bed rest during their ICU and hospital stay. Prolonged immobility and bed rest have negative effects on patient outcomes leading to acute complications, longer ICU and hospital stay, and increase in mortality and morbidity rates (Dang, 2013). Nurses and other healthcare providers strive to keep the patient stable and help

Heard Curious Facts About The Amount Of Time Free Essays

Most of us have often heard curious facts about the amount of time we devote to certain activities. For example, one can be amazed by the realization that we spend more than one third of our life in sleep. But not less importantly, when speaking about our conscious part of life we have to admit that more than a half of it is occupied by work. We will write a custom essay sample on Heard Curious Facts About The Amount Of Time or any similar topic only for you Order Now And while the state of sleep is usually pleasant for us, if one dislikes his or her job it is a great problem, as spending half of our life for an unpleasant activity looks like a very pessimistic perspective. Moreover, some researchers even suggest that it is the very nature of human beings that makes us dislike work as such, and that we carry our professional and personal chores only out of the bare necessity to survive rather than because we enjoy it. However, I believe that this view is somewhat simplistic, and that it is possible for a person to really enjoy his or her job, and with the help of the personal association with what one is doing to turn the necessary work into a perfectly meaningful activity. Let me try to define what I mean by this, and how I define the notion of meaningful work. First of all, it seems safe to suppose that without the internal motivation based on our system of psychological rewards human beings in any time during the history would hardly commence any kind of activity that would lead beyond the satisfaction of the most basis needs, such as the need for food and shelter that even animals can fully satisfy with their level of intelligence. Thus, there is something in the human psychology that seems to drive us to the achievement of something excessive in relation to the minimal possible goal. In the context of our discussion, this psychological factor means that there is something in the process of work of almost any kind that can incite the person carrying it to strive for its completion for the sake of the completion. And on my personal example I can testify that the visible end result of the work can trigger mechanisms of psychological reward, which for some people, including me, can in the future serve as powerful additional motivators (Bryner 2007). On ground of this, as one of the definitions of meaningful work may serve the establishment of the link between a person`s understanding that work can actually offer psychological rewards that are safe in contrast to those offered for instance by alcohol or drug abuse, and the chosen strategy of behaviour in which that person aims to include work in her or his life as a necessary and worthwhile activity that satisfies something more than the mere need for money. That the above mentioned approach to the definition of meaningful work is indeed a possible life strategy is testified by the example of what is known as workaholism, a psychological dependency on one`s professional activity as on the only or the most significant source of self-satisfaction. This phenomenon demonstrates that the psychological rewards produced by work can be so strong that they may essentially overtake a person with the force similar to a drug seeking behavior (Killinger 2004, pp.3-17). While this may be quite problematic for an individual, it can help us strengthen our definition of meaningful work in such a way as to in addition to the already mentioned understanding of psychological rewards associated with work to include in it the clause that meaningful work is also characterized by person`s ability to imagine life without it and still retain the sense of one`s being. In this light, a truly meaningful work may be defined as an inherently voluntary activity based on the assumption that one`s occupation is neither based on the unavoidable compulsion, nor is the only meaning of life, but rather represents the possibility for a harmonious personal development and offers benefits for one`s emotional and even spiritual life. With all this said, I think we can conclude that the idea that the human unwillingness to work is our inherent quality is true only in a limited context, while from the general point of view work we are involved in influences almost every aspect of our life, and therefore is an integral part of our being. Sources Bryner, Jeanna. â€Å"Subliminal Rewards Trigger Harder Work, Research Shows†. LiveScience.com, 2007. Visited April 16, 2007 at http://www.livescience.com/ Killinger, Barbara. Workaholics: the Respectable Addicts. Key Porter Books Ltd, 2004. How to cite Heard Curious Facts About The Amount Of Time, Essay examples

Prejudice Essay Example For Students

Prejudice Essay When a person hears the word prejudice, he or she might think it only refers to the racial prejudice often found between those with light skin and those with dark skin. Prejudice, however, runs much deeper than a persons color. Prejudice is found between gender, religion, cultural, geographical background, and race. People have discriminated against others based upon these attributes from the beginning of time. Prejudice has become a complex problem in society today and much of the worlds history is based upon such hatred. In the 1600s, white men used Africans as slaves and treated them as if they were not human. Colored people were not even allowed to use the same drinking fountains as white people until the mid-1900s. Hitler and his men killed over five million people because they were Jewish or were not their definition of normal. The Ku Klux Klan exists today and openly professes its hatred towards the Jewish and colored people. Society is riddled with such hatred based upon peoples beliefs and origins and it seems millions are fighting each other for no relevant reason at all. I do believe that we can greatly reduce the amount of prejudice in the world today, yet I do not think that it will ever completely go away. Society has seemingly come to accept all races, religions, and genders, and supposedly has achieved political correctness. Yet there will forever be individuals who discrimi nate based upon these issues. These individuals often form large groups that recruit new members to enforce their hatred of those with a certain religion or skin tone. Obviously, no one can tell these people that they cannot have their own opinions or beliefs, for they have the right to hate whomever they like. I believe, however, society needs to raise todays children to accept all people, no matter what god they do or do not believe in or what color skin they may have. If children are raised around people who are not the same as they are, then they will most likely not think anything different of people who do not look the same as them or believe what they believe. If humanity raises their children to believe all people are equal from the start, then prejudice will slowly disintegrate over time. The world needs to focus on not judging people before they know them for who they are. Today, there are so many different people in this world that stereotypes are almost always incorrect, as many people choose not to be followers, but to be individuals. I know many elderly people who, if they see a young black male standing on the corner wearing a certain type of clothing, will distinguish him as a gang member and has intentions of hurting others. How could someone say such a thing when all they have seen is ones appearance? The boy standing there could be a great student in school who helps others and plans to become someone important in the future. Asians, African-Americans, Hispanics, Caucasians, and all other ethnic groups need to look past each others physical characteristics and start looking inside a person to see who they truly are. After all, personalities do not lie on the outside of ones body, but in ones mind. I believe people need to stop following the crowd and form their own opinions. I am very sure that few members of the Ku Klux Klan originally felt as if whites are superior to all other races. They simply felt as if they would fit in better and wou ld be more popular or on a higher-level if they believed such ideas. As the Klan gained members, it became more powerful and an increasing number of people felt as if their lives would be improved if they joined the group. Parents and schools need to teach children that people need to have courtesy and kindness towards others, no matter what. People join these racist and religiously biased groups because they feel it will make their lives better, not caring about the others who will be affected by their hatred. Parents need to instill in their children the value of one treating others as they, themselves, would like to be treated. If everyone in this world had respect for one another, people would be able to live in peace and let others believe in what they wish and accept that everyone is different. I believe it all comes down to parents teaching their children right from wrong in the world and raising them in an environment that is centered around acceptance of different ways of l ife and cultures of people. If society would teach their children and change their ways, sometime in the worlds future everyone will be closer to accepting that a mans character is based upon the content of his soul, not his religion, gender, ethnicity, or the color of his skin. .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .postImageUrl , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:hover , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:visited , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:active { border:0!important; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:active , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mental Disorder 11M pd 8October 31, 2003 Health Ho Essay Bibliography:

Karl Marx Essays (640 words) - Socialism, Marxism,

Karl Marx Karl Marx was a believer in an inevitable revolution between capitalists, and the workers employed in their industries. He claimed that the actual cost of any product is simply the price of material and most importantly, the labor employed to build it. However, the owner of the industry does no labor in creating the product, but rather buys a laborer and sells the results of that man?s work. What he refused to accept, was the fact that the owners would sell the product for more than he paid the laborer making it. Marx therefore considered any profit or difference made in the sale, to be stolen from the worker. He anticipated that industrial owners would then begin to thicken their wallets by paying workers as little as possible, consequentially, causing his employees to become increasingly poor. Marx theorized that this increasing wealth of the capitalist, along with the increasing poverty of the workers, would eventually cause a revolution. As in all societies, individuals are placed into social classes. They are informally separated into these classes by means of their income, and worth to the society. The higher classes are capitalists who most likely inherited monies, and thus are considered to be more important than peasants or laborers. Peasants and laborers are then classified by their wealth (or lack of), which is directly proportional to their importance in the industry. Peasants are considered to be unimportant, and therefore are placed at the bottom of the social ladder. While laborers, although replaceable, are believed to be slightly more important, thus they are placed on a rung just above that of the peasants. The individuals in these classes become aware of their identities and interests, by socializing with other individuals who are considered to be in the same class. ?The mode of production of material life determines the social, political and intellectual life process in general. But it is not the consciousness of men that determines their social being, but on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness? The majority of the time, these classes to not mix or join together. However, in certain extreme cases, when all social classes are threatened, they will unite as one to fight the outside force.?(pg. 160) ?The bourgeoisie finds itself involved in a constant battle. At first with the aristocracy; later on, with those portions of the bourgeoisie itself, whose interests have become antagonistic to the progress of industry; at all times with the bourgeoisie of foreign countries. In all these battles it sees itself compelled to appeal to the proletariat, to ask for its help, and thus, to drag it into the political arena. The bourgeoisie itself, therefore supplies the proletariat with its own elements of political and general education, in words, it furnishes the proletariat with weapons for fighting the bourgeoisie.? (pg. 214) Capitalism is only feasible in a free society, where one man is allowed to acquire as much property as he desires. Therefore, the political action taken by the capitalist is extremely important. The rich will forever have more control over government because they control the majority of the money running the government. While the poor have to rally together and choose between, allowing the government to be run by the rich capitalists, or taking action themselves. If they choose to fight then they need to come together as a strong unit and demand even distribution of money as well as governmental control of industry. Thus, they need to instill a ?communistic? government. During periods of class conflict it would seem that states do become more democratic. This is due to the fact that individuals in their respective classes rally behind one another to make a difference. They discover that there is power in number and unless they ban together, change will not occur Bibliography Sociology Essays

Cloning How Far Will it Go1 essays

Cloning How Far Will it Go1 essays Everyday people find themselves at a crossroads that requires a decision as to which path to follow. In the past few years, scientists have gained knowledge about cloning that could impact our lives for centuries to come. As a society we are at a crossroads and we will have to decide how to use this knowledge. Will we choose to increase our power over nature or will we develop a partnership? There are many benefits of cloning, but do they outweigh the possibility of losing genetic diversity, facing genetic discrimination, and the scary consequences portrayed in science fiction books like Brave New World and 1984, and movies like Gattaca and Planet of the Apes. Cloning is the production of a genetically identical duplicate of an organism? (Hawley 1). In a sense, many plants, algae, unicellular organisms, and even humans naturally produce identical offspring. For example, the dandelion reproduces asexually to create a copy of itself. As a species it has reached a plateau and can no longer progress. Within the human species, identical twins are essentially clones. The division of the embryo produces two embryos with the exact same genetic information. The consequence of a species only producing asexually is the loss of genetic diversity, which can have adverse effects on a species. There is a gray area between the benefits and the problems of cloning. Some people may say that anything that improves the lives of humans is a benefit, but I disagree. Human cloning needs to be restricted. If taken to the extreme, human cloning could be disastrous to mankind. First of all, asexual reproduction creates a population with the same genetic information which eliminates genetic diversity. Without diversity, one disease could wipe out the whole population because no person would be able to fight a disease any better than anyone else. In Brave New World, the author writes about 'making ninety-six human beings grow where only ...

African Americans Played a Key Role in Vietnam War Essay -- African Amer

I. African Americans involves in the army a. Irregular percentage of African Americans drafted in the military b. The role of blacks in the Army c. The Vietnam War as a genocide II. Discrimination Issues a. Armed Forces dominated by whites b. Personal racism c. Racist practices against blacks d. African Americans in combat III. Black Women in the Armed Forces a. Segregation in working areas b. Black women and their assignments IV. The Black Power a. Response to racism b. The new black culture c. Black’s own terminology V. Consequences of Black response a. Banned Manifestations b. Widespread of racial violence c. Transferring people to other areas Hidden Heroism Racial discrimination in the United States is not a new issue. African Americans have been discriminated against since 1619, when the first Africans were brought to Jamestown and served as slaves. After being killed, segregated and treated inequitably in 1965, the government gave equal opportunities to African Americans for the first time. Yet, the opportunity given was once again to serve the country. Their duty was to defend the nation during the Vietnam War. African Americans played a key roe in Vietnam and, in the process, changed the complexion of the U.S. Armed Forces. The fulfilled an extraordinary record of military service, regardless of the fact that they served under unequal conditions and were segregated with second-rate equipment (Young 333). The Vietnam War had the highest percentage of blacks ever to serve in an American war (Jason). In the early years of U.S. invole. Johnson, Jesse J. Black Women in the Air Forces: 1942-1974 A Pictorial Histo ry. Jonhsonn: Hampton VA, 1974. Kirby, Jason R. Rev. of Equlity or disrimination?: African Americans in the U.S. Military During the Vietnam Ward, ed. Natalie Kimbrough. The Journal of Military History. Sept. 2007. 26 Nov. 2007 http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/curriculum. Westheider,James E. The African American Experience in Vietnam: Brothers in Arms. Rowman and Littlefield: United Kingdom, 2008. Westheider, James E. Rev of The Brothers’ Vietnam War: Black Power, Manhood and the Military Experience, ed. Herman Graham. The Journal of Southern History. Nov. 2004. 26 Nov. 2007. http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/curriculum/do/document. Young, Marilyn B. Buzzanco Robert. Eds. A Companion to The Vietnam War. Blackwell: Malden MA, 2002

Adapting to Health Changes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Adapting to Health Changes - Assignment Example It also includes the topics related to elder abuse. Introduction The most difficult challenge a nurse could face is caring for an elderly ill client (Alexander, 2004, p. 1005). Due to developmental changes in physical and mental state, some of the clinical manifestations of certain diseases are hard to detect. One of these diseases is the diabetic ketoacidosis. Emergencies related to endocrine diseases account for approximately 1.5% of all hospital emergency admissions in England; the majority is related to diabetes and its complications (Dunning, 2005, p. 113). Mortality rates among elderly are 20% (Jevon, 2010, p. 9). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening diabetic condition caused by deficiency in insulin and results in severe hyperglycemia (Sinclair, 2009, p. 198). Diabetic ketoacidosis usually occurs in younger people with type 1 diabetes. Fortunately, older diabetics are less prone to DKA although a few cases exist (Roach, 2001, p. 324). Assessment Elderly people req uire individualized assessment ranging from simple screenings to in-depth evaluations. Health providers, particularly the nurses must be very knowledgeable and skillful in detecting deviation among elderly (Wold, 2004, p. 105). In the clinical scenario stated, the man is approximately in mid-sixties of age. The man is confused upon bringing him to the emergency department. He was not able to provide any information about himself or his condition so the staff called him Nic. He kept on insisting to leave the department and go home for dinner yet was unable to state his address. The hygiene was described as poor due to disheveled and unkempt condition. His appearance and odor suggested that he had not washed for some time and his breath had an acetone odor. The client frequently scratched his right upper arm and examination revealed that he had a hematoma (50 cents size) on the right side of his forehead and he repeatedly stated that he wanted to pass urine. Base on observation, the p atient has an indication of a fall due to hematoma; possible concussion due to confusion is exhibited. Nursing assessment undertaken are measuring of vital signs for blood pressure elevation and tachycardia, blood glucose level for determining hyperglycemia, neurological observations such as Glasgow coma scale to determine the client’s mental state, and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) for possible dementia (Melillo, 2011, p. 279). Plan of Care The plan of care for Nic depends upon the nursing diagnosis that has been found out and has been prioritized according to the assessment findings. The nursing diagnosis and each plan of care are elaborated below: Nursing Diagnosis #1: Risk for Injury related to unfamiliar environment and physical or mental limitations secondary to disease condition Assessment: The client is confused and unable to provide information of previous environment. He frequently scratched his right upper arm and has a fifty cents-size hematoma. Expected Ou tcome: The client will be free from further injury. Interventions and Rationales: 1. Orient the client to his environment. Orientation helps provide familiarity. 2. Instruct the client to wear slippers with nonskid soles and to avoid newly washed floors. These precautions can help prevent foot injuries and falls from slipping. 3. Teach him to keep the bed in the low position with side rails up at night. The low position makes it easier for the client to get in and out of the bed. 4. Make sure that personal belongings are within easy reach. Keeping objects at hand prevent falls from overreaching and overextending. 5. Instruct the client to request assistance whenever needed. Getting needed help with ambulation and

EBays Globalization Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EBays Globalization Strategy - Case Study Example The researcher states that the current economic downfall and the uncooperative financial trends of the dollar are other major factors that have worsened the existing scenario. eBay has now decided to revamp the entire website and measures to provide buyers more protections, sellers with loyalty programs are on the anvil. The core competency of eBay is its online auctions. The online auction marketplace model was the main factor that spelled success for eBay over the years. As the company does not think and act like a retailer, their initial strategy of not dealing in any way with the fixed-price market suited their core competency to a very great extent. Now, with its foray into this unvisited and untapped segment of the market, eBay is facing the dire consequences of not sticking to its original plan. This year eBay reported a revenue decline of around 16%, which it’s the first of its kind for this e-commerce company. An analyst at New York-based Sanford C. Bernstein, Lindsay says â€Å"Its a sign that eBay hasn't been able to buck the trend of poor consumer turnout during the holiday season. Unless they can get the core marketplaces business to turn around, and a fair bit of that will depend on the economy, then they're going to have to look at some more strategic measures.† The business model of eBay initially was to mainly help people trade practically anything on earth and conduct commerce through the Internet on a global basis. â€Å"A weakness in consumer spending and strength in the U. S dollar has reduced the value of overseas sales.† EBay’s main aim earlier was to make the process of online buying and selling fun using the system of the auction. Their main focus was using umpteen entrepreneurial strategies and business skills to create smart and efficient tools for the website and use a winning strategy to become the most popular and well-known e-commerce company and the best Internet retailer of all time.

Internet & Society Essay Example for Free

Internet Society Essay The world is changing and many new technologies are being developed continuously. Our daily life is affected by these changes. The changes will become faster in future. Internet is one most important result of changing technologies. It has become a part of our daily life. Every new technology has its own effects. Some of them are positive and some may be negative. We should avoid the negative effects. Technology should be used in a positive manner, otherwise it will destroy us. Internet is an amazing creation of the technology. The whole world is affected by it and all people are directly or indirectly related with it. Internet is extremely helpful for numerous persons. Students take help of internet for their homework. Investors use internet for the information about stocks. Sport fans watch score and statistics. Internet has taken the place of television. Today internet is same as the television in 1940-50s. Internet is more useful and advantageous than television. But it is not possible for every person to use the internet. Internet also created an effect on the print media and it is gradually replacing the print media because a magazine or newspaper can be published at a very low cost on the internet. There is no need of ink and paper on the internet and fewer workers are required. That’s why print media is taking the advantage of internet. Internet is the main reason behind the revolution in society. Because of the internet, communication between the different countries, societies, communities became possible. Before the internet technology there was no other communication system being so vast to express the ideas and the feelings. Through internet data, voice, and video communication is possible. Mostly people avoid speaking to unknown person. Internet has proved very useful for such kind of people, because they talk with people without showing their age, looks and class. People find many friends through the internet. Many public sites provide this facility. People can gain many friends through these sites. Many young people are earning money with the help of internet by web designing, game construction, working as a freelance writer. It means internet provides many opportunities for the people. Internet has shrunk the world. Today each country is connected with another country with the help of internet. People of one country or society are becoming familiar with the culture of another country or society. With the help of internet the people who have knowledge got their position in the society. At present online shopping has become very popular. People are buying products from their home with the help of the internet. People buy products at low cost from the internet as compare to market because companies can save money of shops and workers in online shopping. United state based company Amazon. com is the best example of online shopping company. People can find each and every thing at lower cost on this website. In recent years some companies have allowed their employees to work at home with the help of internet because workplace has become very stressful and the pollution also increased in some last years. This is very advantageous because a person can save money and time by working from home. The Internet provides freedom of speech. The people who don’t have courage can convey their ideas with the help of internet without any fear. With the help of internet now people are globally connected. A person can communicate with the person of other part of the word at any time through internet. Now people are connected socially and professionally by the use of internet. Internet is very suitable and affordable medium of communication. Today we can place an order just by click a button. Now we can book hotels, flights and train tickets online. Internet made the communication easy. Now we can communicate with the help of e-mail, video conferencing, instant messaging, and Voice over Internet Proxy (VoIP). People can easily get information with the help of internet because there is a very huge database on the internet related with each object. People are finding jobs with the help of internet. We can submit many forms online, which saves time. On internet we can decide that which news or information we want to read. Internet is also playing an important role in the field of entertainment. We can play many games and solve puzzles. Songs can be listened online and we can watch videos on internet. There are some bad effects also, because of the internet on the society. Pornography is a very bad effect of the internet. Sexual material is easily available on internet and society is accepting this material without hesitation. Because of this interest of the people in sex is increasing day by day. As a result, sex-related crimes are increasing continuously. Because of the internet a lot of jobs have been lost, because a small number of people are required to run a site. Because of the online shopping people do not leave their home. This is a reason behind the many diseases such as obesity. Online shopping is not helpful for the local economy because most of these online shopping sites are international. Internet is not always reliable, because there is a risk of breaking the privacy. There is everything is in the form of binary information. On internet we are dependent on others for our privacy. We can not surely protect our information. With the help of data mining our information can be theft. Copyright problem has become a great problem now days. Identity of a person can be theft with the help of internet. There are many other bad effects of the internet such as meeting with the people whom you met online, giving personal information to a complete stranger, giving wrong information. A person can be easily cheated by the internet. Many terrorists are using internet technology for communication by using a wrong address. Child pornography, credit card frauds, espionage, online stalking, kidnappings are some other bad effects of the internet on the society. Now it can be said that it depends on us how internet affects society. Internet can be proved very useful if we use it in a positive direction. Many laws are made for preventing internet crimes, but these crimes are still there. There is a need of enforcement of these laws. Internet can be very useful for the society. It is the best medium of communication and it can be said a good platform for expressing your ideas. There are a lot of changes in the society because of the internet. Internet enhanced the status of the living. Today information and education about the safe use of computer has become very important. There are many disadvantages of the internet, but I think it has really improved our lives.There is a need of education and enforcement of the laws. References Cole J. I. The Impact of the Internet on Our Social,Political and Economic Life. The UCCLA Center for communication Policy. 2000. Cuizon, G. Internet Crime: How Does It Affect Our Society?. April 15, 2008. Retrieved February 24, 2009 from http://www. socyberty. com/Crime/Internet-Crime-How-Does-It-Affect-Our-Society. 109754 Nie, N. Study of social Consequences of the Internet. Stanford Institute of the Quantitative Study of Society (SIQSS). 2000. Pros and cons of the Internet in todays society. Retrieved February 24, 2009 from http://www. helium. com/items/779510-pros-and-cons-of-the-internet-in-todays-society Purdy, R. The Internet- Boon or Detriment to Society? Retrieved February 24, 2009 from http://iml. jou. ufl. edu/projects/STUDENTS/Purdy/INDEX. HTM Rajani, M. K. Chandio, M. S. Use of Internet and its effects on our Society. Retrieved February 24, 2009 from http://www. szabist. edu. pk/ncet2004/Docs/Session%20VIII%20Paper%20No%202%20(P%20157-161). pdf The Internets Effect on Society. November 19, 2001. Retrieved February 24, 2009 from http://www. bbc. co. uk/dna/h2g2/A650684

Crime and the Media Essay -- essays research papers

Crime and the Media The public depends on the news media for its understanding of crime. Reportedly three quarters (76%) of the public say, they form their opinions about crime from what they see or read in the news (Dorfman & Schiraldi, 2001). After reviewing five hours of reality crime television shows, one is left with a very dismal look on society and a prejudice towards minorities as they are largely depicted as the perpetrators of crime. This new genre commonly referred to as reality television appears to be sweeping the nation by storm. Opinions vary, depending on whom you ask, to what extent reality plays a role versus the selling of a product. Sensationalism, advertising, ratings hype, profiling and fear all comprise the mass medias’ marketing strategy to America. Sadly, what we see portrayed by television shows such as â€Å"COPS† have contributed largely and in some cases unjustly to the prejudices that are present today. The predominant races of the suspects portrayed in the episodes of COPS were African Americans (Langley, 2005). The predominant genders of the suspects were male. However, the May 5, 2005, episode of COPS featured an exclusive on COPS: Bad Girls (Langley, 2005). Combining the special episode with the four and a half hours of regular viewing of COPS the numbers still reflect the predominance of suspects featured are African American males (Langley, 2005). In two cases out of the nineteen viewed, the suspects were Caucasian, and the reason for the stop was expired tags. This stop was handled much differently than the previous stop. The officers were not aggressive when they approached the car, and the incident proceeded in a civilized manner. Ironically, in the scene prior to the present, the officers had observed an African American suspect in a drug area with expired tags, and the encounter was very different. A car chase ensued, an ultimate arrest with the suspect forced to the grou nd in an aggressive manner, searched, and hand cuffed. The officers suggest to the audience their suspicions that drugs may be involved. Ultimately, their suspicions prove correct when the cameras capture the crack cocaine hidden in the pants of the suspect. Of the crimes, featured 90% were drug related and 10% were associated with domestic crimes. On the COPS episode aired on May 6, 2005, the suspect, African American observed in an undercover sti... ...stice system. Dr. West points out â€Å"The urgent problem of black poverty is primarily due to the distribution of wealth, power, and income-a distribution influenced by the racial caste system that denied opportunities to most "qualified" black people until two decades ago.† (West, 1994. p. 93-5). Clearly, economics contributed to the criminal propensities of the suspect viewed. The African American suspects compared to their counterparts, appeared scary, drug crazed and out of control. While it is unfortunate, people still believe, if it is on television it must be true. Reality crime television provides a false sense of legitimacy. Those that watch the show, often forget that in the final analysis, it is television, and the main point of television programming is to entertain, sell advertisement and achieve the best ratings possible. References Dorfman, L, & Schiraldi, V. (2001). Off balance: youth, race & crime in the news. Building Blocks for Youth Law Center. Retrieved May 5, 2005, from www.buildingblocksforyouth.org Langley, J. (Producer). (2005). COPS. (Television series). New York: Fox. West, C. (1994). Race matters. New York: Vintage Publishers.

Paraphrasing and Summarizing Essay

Is there a difference between paraphrasing and summarizing? What is it? How do you know when it is most appropriate to use one or the other in an academic paper? In academic writing there are many do not’s to refrain from in writing academically. Two of the do not’s that relates to paraphrasing and summarizing are * Do not copy from other people’s work * Do not simply copy words and phrases from the question paper; try to use your own words at all times by paraphrasing the question. These points explain there is a difference between paraphrasing and summarizing. Paraphrasing is selecting the author or writer works and referencing the ideas that are used. As well as using your own words in a length that will capture the audience attention. Summarizing is related to your ideas and thoughts of what the writer or author discuss. Plotnick (2012),†Paraphrase and summary are indispensable tools in essay writing because they allow you to include other people’s ideas without cluttering up your essay with quotations. They help you take greater control of your essay. Consider relying on either tool when an idea from one of your sources is important to your essay but the wording is not. You should be guided in your choice of which tool to use by considerations of space. But above all, think about how much of the detail from your source is relevant to your argument. If all your reader needs to know is the bare bones, then summarize. Ultimately, be sure not to rely too heavily on either paraphrase or summary. Your ideas are what matter most. Allow yourself the space to develop those ideas. † (para. How do I paraphrase? ).

In Surdam Memoriam: Karl Jaekel Essay

As I read in surdam memoriam: Karl Jaekel, it showed me how society during the 1800’s throughout the 1900’s had a very negative view on Deaf people and sign language. Hard of hearing and or deaf-mute people used to be considered as a lower class. For a family to assume that a deaf child became â€Å"Deaf and dumb† by accident was not uncommon. American parents of that day were much more comfortable admitting to congenital than to adventitious deafness in their offspring. Uncle Charlie was enrolled in the Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb where he was enrolled in the shoemaking department, one of the three industrial programs open to boys, and the other two were tailoring and printing. They only kept records of the pupils attendance and work instead of academic enrollment and progress. The training programs saved the state of Pennsylvania a great deal of money by putting the pupils to work for the state. Etiology statistics in 1800’s stated tha t the deaf should be carefully advised in the defect to be transmitted from generation to generation and that the future of their offspring and their own should be prudently considered before entering upon a condition so fraught with possibilities of misfortune and happiness. (Annual Report, 1887-88). The connection between articulation and eugenics is not as transparent today but when Charlie was in school it was widely believed that Deaf people would cease to marry each other if the sign language that they could only communicate with would somehow be wiped out and they were forced to speak. The views are different now in 2011 because the science and generation has grown which has made families more aware as to why certain people are born or become deaf and it is certainly more common.

Gustav Klimt essays

Gustav Klimt essays Like many prominent artistic figures of the day, Gustave Klimt was mostly misunderstood during his time, but is now recognized as one of the most beloved today. Many of us have been exposed to his masterpieces and enjoyed them without knowing his name, but it is certain that his extraordinary use of gold and silver leaf remains memorable. Little is known about his life, but what historians have learned makes for an interesting story of an elusive man. Gustave Klimt, as the second eldest among seven, was born in a suburban area southeast of Vienna on July 14, 1862. His family had little money to live on, let alone raise seven children, but they remained ambitious. Rather than send Klimt to a modest Brgerschule a basic school that offered a mediocre future, they whisked him off to the Knstgewerbeschule a school for the arts once they recognized his remarkable talent in drawing. At the Kunstgewerbeschule, he started with a very basic foundation in the arts at the beginning, but quickly surpassed both his peers and the limitations of a standard class. Once, his teachers recognized his talents, they accelerated his learning by commissioning his help on their own projects or other paid work. Eventually, Klimt joined up with his older brother, Ernst, and a friend, Matsch, to create the Knstlercompagnie, or the Company of Artists. They organized themselves to do all sorts of work for money for absolutely anyone who asked from painting jars to creating portraits. By 1892, the Company had a beautiful reputation. Unfortunately, things took a sudden turn for the worst for young Gustav. During mid-year of 1892, his father passed away. Not long after, Ernst passes away as well after a series of illnesses, forcing Klimt alone to support his remaining family. Not long after, Klimt suffered a creative crisis and produced little work (Whitford 46). Following,...

Bilateral Trade between China and Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bilateral Trade between China and Germany - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that   Germany’s imports and exports to China have increased by one-third over the last year. Even this year the growth trends remain steady, with bilateral trade experiencing a 28 percent jump from the same time last year. The truth of the matter is that Germany is attractive for the Chinese to invest in and vice-versa. These new trade connections have strengthened the relationship between China and Germany both politically and economically. China is looking to focus more on domestic consumption, which is something that is tempting for German companies to become a part of. On the other side of the coin, China can learn a great deal about German business practices and its advanced technology. This is very important to the Chinese economy because there is a lack of technological know-how among many Chinese manufacturing companies. Reciprocally, Germany can also do with the influx of Chinese investments because of the weakened economy within the European Union.

Uncle Tom's Cabin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Uncle Tom's Cabin - Essay Example The novel depicts the harsh reality of slavery while also showing that Christian love and faith can overcome even something as evil as enslavement of fellow human beings. The character Uncle Tom-African American maintains his integrity and refuses to betray his fellow slaves at the cost of his life. His firm Christian principles in the face of brutality made him a hero to whites. To the contrast his tormentor; Simon legree, the Northern slave-dealer turned plantation owner, enraged them with his cruelty. The enactment of emancipation proclamation in January 1863 capped two years of increasing support for emancipation in New York City. Although republicans attempted to keep abolitionist from taking a leading role in New York’s anti-slavery politics, by 1862 abolitionist speakers drew huge crowds, black and white in the city. Increasing support for the abolitionist, and emancipation led to anxiety among New York’s pro-slavery white supporters of the Democratic Party, particularly the Irish. From the time of Lincoln’s election in 1860, the Democratic Party had warned the New York’s Irish and Germany residents to prepare for the emancipation of slaves and the resultant labor competition when Southern Black would supposedly flee

Who would you rather study with. Aristotle or Plato Essay

Who would you rather study with. Aristotle or Plato - Essay Example Aristotle on the other hand believed in logical reasoning. He is credited with laying the foundation of the use of logic as a basis for study and scientific thought. Thus, whereas Aristotle’s philosophical values are heavily influenced by Plato, there exist huge differences in their way of thinking. Based on my personal values, ethics, religion affiliation, beliefs, and philosophical orientation, I would rather study with Aristotle than Plato. Aristotle believed that when we breakdown and classify the natural world in a systematic and analytic way, we can reach a true argument where we can come up with a conclusion that is concrete and correct. This is against the arguments brought forward by Plato who insisted on making valid arguments that made sense logically but could not be either considered factually true or false. An example of a valid argument would be to suggest that old people are bad drivers. Therefore, when you meet let’s say Jack, who is old, you out righty judge him as being a bad driver. While this may be a valid argument, it may not be entirely true without seeing him driving. On the other hand, a true argument as presented by Aristotle would probably suggest that all fruits have seeds. Therefore, regardless of whether he picks an apple or an orange, he will know that these are fruits and thus they all have seeds. Therefore, Aristotle would make a better person to learn with because of his valid sci entific arguments. While both Plato and Aristotle contributed hugely to political philosophy and shared some sentiments on the ideal state, Aristotle still had some of his reservations on some of Plato’s philosophical teachings. While Plato advocated for communism in which he called for abolition of ownership of private property, Aristotle was a harsh critic on the abolition of private property. Plato was of the

Managing for Results Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing for Results - Essay Example The officer in command was Captain William Bligh and Fletcher Christian was second in command. Some countrymen are pressed into serving the English navy for this voyage of about 2 years. After having faced various hardships put forth by the sea and the Captain in command, alike, they reached Tahiti and obtained the breadfruit plants during their six month stay on the island. However, shortly after leaving Tahiti, Christian leads a mutiny against Captain Bligh in revolt of his atrocities on the seamen. They manage to capture and cast Bligh and his loyalists in a life boat with some supplies while Christian and his loyalists return to Tahiti in the HMS Bounty. Bligh and his people make the most remarkable conduct of navigation in the history of the sea - a 3500 mile open sea voyage aboard a life boat. Bligh reaches Timor Island. He returns to Tahiti aboard another ship in search of the mutineers, lead by Fletcher Christian. Christian and a few men escape in the Bounty while several oth ers remain on the island. They are taken to England by Bligh and are tried for mutiny. Most men are executed for their crime except Roger Byam. Christen and his followers reach Pitcairn Island, where they decide to spend the rest of their lives, and burn down the Bounty so as to not be found by English searchers. ‘A story of a man who robbed his seamen, cursed them, flogged them not to punish, but to break their spirit. A story of greed and tyranny.....and of anger against it, of what it cost’ – Roger Byam during the trial (Mutiny on the Bounty, 1935) Captain William Blighs managerial abilities on the Bounty is an excellent example of how one man changed from control leadership to team unity with a change in the situation, over 2 centuries years ago. Bligh tries to enforce harsh ‘discipline’ by various means - flogging a dead seaman for striking his captain, shortening rations as per the Captains prerogative, public chastisement of Christian, Bligh accusing

Co Action Effect And The Audience Effect Psychology Essay

Co Action Effect And The Audience Effect Psychology Essay The co-action effect occurs when a higher level of performance is present when surrounded by other individuals performing the same task. It can be applied to a variety of tasks competitive and non-competitive e.g. Sports, multiplications, spelling etc. It is also perceived that an individuals work rate can alter by merely watching the individual carry out a specified task. This is known as the audience effect. This theory however has positive and negative effects based on the degree of competence with the task given to the subject. If they are skilled in the task, their level of performance will heighten. However, the opposite will occur if the subject is not very capable with the task. These two theories are categorised under Social facilitation. Q2. Describe two psychology studies on this area of human behaviour stating their findings and conclusions. The co-action effect was first perceived in 1898 when a test was carried out by Norman Triplett. His theory was on cyclists and the speeds they reached when firstly, racing against each other and then racing individually against a stopwatch. He noticed that racing against each other rather than against the clock alone increased the cyclists speeds. He then tested his thesis in a controlled lab experiment where he gave children simple tasks to perform on their own and then with a partner. He again found that co-action resulted in improved results in the children. He concluded that the bodily presence of another contestant participating simultaneously in the race serves to liberate latent energy not ordinarily available (Triplett, 1898). An example of the audience effect was noted when psychologist J.Michaels 1982 carried out an investigation on pool players. First he assessed their ability and rated them either above or below average. He then stood by them to see if his presence had any effect on the way they played. The conclusions of the investigation showed that the more abled players performed to a higher calibre and the less abled decreased in ability proving that in fact even though the audience effect can have positive results, they can also facilitate negative ones too. The presence of an audience arouses humans and affects our ability to perform a task. This arousal stimulates us, so that if we are doing something we are good at, we do it better. However, we are already aroused when performing tasks in general. An audience overseeing the task can sometimes act as an over stimulant to certain individuals and interfere with the task at hand. Q3. Evaluate theories and research into the basis of social power including obedience and conformity. Power was found to be one of the most effective reasons as to why an individual feels the need to follow through with what another says to them. Psychologists have undertaken many years of experiments to try to figure out what types of powers are in our society and how they shape and influence the way we live today. There are two main points in social power that can alter an individuals thought process. Obedience and Conformity. Throughout this essay you will read how Psychologists have discovered the roles in which these two influences affect the society we live in. Conformity is described as the type of social influence involving a change in belief or behaviour in order to fit in with a group.  This form of influence can occur in two separate ways. A majority influence whereby the feelings and behaviours of a collective set of individuals within a group can alter or change the opinion of the minority, and the minority influence whereby an individual will change the opinions of the masses in a group. One way in which a majority may influence is known as public compliance. Solomon Asch (1956) set out to encompass what this type of conformity was by using a simple exercise. The aim of the experiment was to see how subjects reacted when faced with an unambiguous task. Would they be influenced by a groups behaviour or would they stick to their own belief that they knew to be true. Aschs test was carried out on 123 participants and all were American males. The subjects were asked to distinguish between three lines and pick a line that was of the same size as a fourth individual line. The procedure was carried out with the individual subject sat around a table of confederates all instructed to give incorrect answers with the subject having to answer last. The procedure was conducted 18 times and out of the 18 guesses, the confederates were told to guess incorrectly 12 times as to add a sense of validity to the experiment. The results showed that 75% of the participants gave incorrect answers at least once suggesting that they had conformed to the group ideology of thinking. Asch then repeated the test and altered a control of no confederates giving wrong answers. Asch found that there were mistakes made about 1% of the time. The conclusion of the experiment shows that there was a high amount of conformity when faced with pressures from a collective group. Questions must be asked however on the actual validity of the experiment itself when looking at real life and moreover the demographic used in the experiment. The participants were asked a simple question, yet if faced with a question that holds more substance, would the participant still conform to such a degree? The experiment has been repeated on many occasions by changing the type of sample used to English scientists (Perrin and Spencer 1980) and youths on probation (Perrin and Spencer 1990). Some more recent research suggests that Aschs experiment is merely an unpredictable phenomenon (Lalancette and Standing 1990). The ethics involved are quite negligible when considering other experiments that will be discussed later in the essay. Participants must have felt tricked once they found out the other participants were actually confederates, and perhaps the subjects may have felt distressed when being put in a difficult situation. We can go back further in the 1900s and see other forms of experiments used to analyse the use of majority conformity. Muzafer Sherif (1935) investigated responses to ambiguous statements by using the auto kinetic affect. This is when very small movements of the eye make a spot of light in a darkened room appear to move because the eyes lack a stable frame of reference. Sherifs participants were tested individually, being asked to say how far the light moved and in what direction. Their answers varied considerably. However, Sherif then requested the participants work collectively to estimate the movements. Their answers started to become quite similar demonstrating the influence of a groups ideology on an individual. The results of this study can also be questioned too. As the answers were ambiguous and there wasnt an obvious answer it could be argued that participants are more likely to conform as they are never completely certain of their answer. This methodology therefore affects Sherifs interpretation of conformity as it is not very reliable. The same ethical questions can be asked when looking at this experiment. The participants were deceived and additionally put under pressure to conform to a groups way of thinking which can cause stress. We can also analyse conformity through the use of a minority influence. Although conformity is generally led by the influence of groups, individuals are occasionally able to reverse this tendency and change the opinions of people around them. This is known as the minority influence. If an individual makes a strong, convincing case it can increase the probability of changing the majoritys beliefs and behaviours. One iconic example of this occurring was the suffragette movement at the start of the 20th Century. The faction started out with a very limited amount of members with strong opinions that women should have the equal rights. Initially their opinions were unpopular but as time went by, the minority influenced the majority with their concise and logical arguments and eventually it led to the majority conforming to the same beliefs. To test this theory a Psychologist known as Moscovici (1969), conducted an experiment similar to that of Asch. 32 groups of 6 were chosen with 2 confederates in each group. The groups were shown a slide of varied shades of blue and asked to convey what colour was perceived. Moscovici et al proposed that if the confederates had that of a different opinion to the group and stuck to that opinion consistently, they could alter the groups views. The confederates consistently said the slides were green. The findings of the experiment showed that 32% gave the same answer as the minority at least once. This suggests that although it is a minute amount of impact on the results, there is some kind of conformity to the minoritys way of thinking. This experiment unusually doesnt hold many ethical problems. Although participants were deceived initially, the deception was moderately low and the tasks given were of a low level of stress. We could go as far as to say that this study was ethically acceptable. However, there are a few criticisms of study. The participants were females, Eagly and Carli (1981) study suggests that females are more likely to conform to ideologies of a group than that of men and so this questions how reliable the study actually is. And so we understand that conformity doesnt necessarily have a boundary that requires a person to act in a certain way. Obedience can be considered entirely different. Conformity does not require us to react in a specified manner whereas with obedience we are instructed or ordered to do something and these orders stem from a higher authority. We can relate this to history when we look at the atrocities that shaped Nazi Germany in World War I and II. Millions of defenceless Jewish people (and many other ethnicities) were slaughtered by Nazi soldiers under the influence of the government ran by Hitler. The heinous crimes committed had many questions to be answered but mainly how were the crimes committed and why?! During the Nuremberg trials, many of the high ranking officials were put to trial over what they had done with the only claim to their innocence being that they were simply, obeying orders. These claims were blatantly thrown out of court and a stereotype was claimed stating t hat a Germans DNA was simply different to that of every other human. Yet a man named Stanley Milgram wanted to understand if there were any truth to these claims. In 1963 he set up a psychology experiment to test if any human, not just German, could be put under such strict obedience pressures, that they could commit these horrific crimes against humanity. His participants were American men aged 20-50 and were from various occupation backgrounds. The study was carried out at Yale University, where they were taken to a lab and introduced to an experimenter dressed in a lab coat (confederate). They were then introduced to what the participant thought was a fellow experimenter however he would be the accomplice in the experiment. These gentlemen had fabricated that he had a heart problem to add to the validity of the study. Participants were then given a summary of the experiment. The mock investigation was to distinguish the roles between teacher and learner. A fake ballot would decide what role would be decided for the two subjects with the actual participant always allocated the teacher role. The procedure of the experiment consisted of a simulated electrode machine in the room the teacher was placed in that would be used to administer an electric volt to the student in another room. The isolation from the two subjects was to add to th e already dissociation created. Every time the student answered a question incorrectly from a sheet the teacher, (participant) was given. The participant would control the shock machine and the teacher would purposely answer the questions incorrectly. The experimenter would push the participant and provoke them to administer the shocks even if they insisted on stopping. Surprisingly, some 65% of the teachers gave what they thought was the maximum amount of punishment (450 volts of electric shock). Based on these results, Milgram suggested a theory known as the Agency Theory. He states that when faced with a stressing situation, humans attribute their responsibilities to an authority figure. This experiment completely changed the impact on social policy, but came with many ethical and situational complications. The ecological validity of the experiment should be questioned as the experiment was conducted within a laboratory and it could also be argued that the participants used were more suggestible as they volunteered for the experiment. Although participants were debriefed to a satisfactory manner (84% felt glad to have participated), the stress endured within the experiment could have possibly had long-term affects to the subjects. Milgram himself states, The degree of tension reached extremes rarely seen in experimentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Subjects were sweating, tremblingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦on one occasion we observed a fit so violent that it was necessary to call a halt to the experiment. Deterred by the ethical background of the experiment mentioned a man known as Zimbardo wanted to carry out an experiment to back up Milgrams study to add validity through using a less controlled environment. Male students applied for a study about prison life. 21 participants were chosen to be guards and prisoners (10 prisoners, 11 guards). The prisoners were arrested at home unexpectedly and blindfolded to disorientate them whilst taking them into their controlled prison cells (the basement of Yale University). Many symbolic items were used to associate the prisoners with their roles (ID numbers, nylon caps, orange jump suits). The guards also had many garments so they could associate themselves with their specified role (clubs, mirrored aviators, handcuffs). Over the two week period, the subjects became more and more connected to their specified role. The guards became more autocratic and the prisoners became tolerant of being punished for the miniscule of issues. The study shows how the guards and prisoners conformed to their roles given especially the prisoners through the use of obedience. However, the ethical issues developed throughout the case were even more severe than that of Milgrams. Five prisoners had to be released early due to depression and the whole experiment had to be cancelled only 6 days into the study out of an initial two weeks. So here we have seen how obedience and conformity influence humans and the test we have created to observe how these characteristics can be measured and implemented in real life. On the way we have seen many ethical questions arise as well as the validity of the actual experiments. If we can understand anything from the theories present, we must understand that the experiments involve human beings, who are probably, the most unpredictable sources to all the theories. Thankfully, we now have Ethical guidelines as a result of these experiments; human beings are malleable objects and must be handled with care. Hopefully the results from these investigations on obedience and conformity are used to help human beings in the future and not control them.

The Pathogenesis of Down’s Syndrome Essay -- Science Medical Genetics

The Pathogenesis of Down’s Syndrome Down’s syndrome (DS) is the most common cause of mental retardation in the United States. It occurs with a frequency of one in 700 live births. The disease is caused by the presence of three copies of chromosome 21 as a result of chromosomal mutation (95% nondisjunction, 5% translocation) during cell division, leading to a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the normal number, 46. There are no individuals with the clinical signs of DS who do not have at least partial trisomy of chromosome 21. Conversely, there are no cases of people with trisomy 21 who do not have DS (Patterson, 1987). Patients suffer from a variety of physical and mental problems. Physically, the disease manifests itself in epicanthic folds of the eyes, flattened facial features, unusual palm creases, muscular flaccidity and short stature (Patterson, 1987). Many are born with congenital heart defects and increased risk for cataracts, leukemia and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition to the anatomical abnorm alities, DS patients suffer from biochemical imbalances including elevated levels of purines - a condition that can by itself lead to neurological impairment, mental retardation, and immunodeficiencies. The life expectancy for DS patients is approximately 30 years. However, with advancing medical care and therapy more patients are living to the age of 50. All individuals with DS over the age of 35 develop the same kind of abnormal microscopic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain as people who die from Alzheimer’s disease, the major cause of presenile dementia. Although a vast amount of literature exists on DS, little is known about why the presence of an extra chromosome causes mental retardation. In addition to ... ...ogy and Experimental Neurology, 49: 509-518. Ferrer, I., Gullotta, F. (1990): Down’s Syndrome and Alzheimer’s Disease: Dendritic Spine Counts in the Hippocampus. Acta Neuropathol, 79: 680--685. Mann, D. M. A., Brown, A., Prinja, D., Davies, C. A., Landon, M., Masters, C. L., Beyreuthers, K. (1989): An Analysis of the Morphology of Senile Plaques in Down’s Syndrome Patients of Different Ages Using Immunocytochemical and Lectin Histochemical Techniques. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 15: 317-329. Patterson, D. (1987): The Causes of Down Syndrome. Scientific American, 255: 52-60. Takashima, S., Ieshima, A., Nakamura, H., Becker, L. (1989): Dendrites, Dementia and the Down Syndrome. Brain Development, 11: 131-133. Wisniewski, K., Bobinski, M. (1991): Hypothalamic Abnormalities in Down Syndrome. The Morphogenesis of Down Syndrome., 153-167. The Pathogenesis of Down’s Syndrome Essay -- Science Medical Genetics The Pathogenesis of Down’s Syndrome Down’s syndrome (DS) is the most common cause of mental retardation in the United States. It occurs with a frequency of one in 700 live births. The disease is caused by the presence of three copies of chromosome 21 as a result of chromosomal mutation (95% nondisjunction, 5% translocation) during cell division, leading to a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the normal number, 46. There are no individuals with the clinical signs of DS who do not have at least partial trisomy of chromosome 21. Conversely, there are no cases of people with trisomy 21 who do not have DS (Patterson, 1987). Patients suffer from a variety of physical and mental problems. Physically, the disease manifests itself in epicanthic folds of the eyes, flattened facial features, unusual palm creases, muscular flaccidity and short stature (Patterson, 1987). Many are born with congenital heart defects and increased risk for cataracts, leukemia and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition to the anatomical abnorm alities, DS patients suffer from biochemical imbalances including elevated levels of purines - a condition that can by itself lead to neurological impairment, mental retardation, and immunodeficiencies. The life expectancy for DS patients is approximately 30 years. However, with advancing medical care and therapy more patients are living to the age of 50. All individuals with DS over the age of 35 develop the same kind of abnormal microscopic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain as people who die from Alzheimer’s disease, the major cause of presenile dementia. Although a vast amount of literature exists on DS, little is known about why the presence of an extra chromosome causes mental retardation. In addition to ... ...ogy and Experimental Neurology, 49: 509-518. Ferrer, I., Gullotta, F. (1990): Down’s Syndrome and Alzheimer’s Disease: Dendritic Spine Counts in the Hippocampus. Acta Neuropathol, 79: 680--685. Mann, D. M. A., Brown, A., Prinja, D., Davies, C. A., Landon, M., Masters, C. L., Beyreuthers, K. (1989): An Analysis of the Morphology of Senile Plaques in Down’s Syndrome Patients of Different Ages Using Immunocytochemical and Lectin Histochemical Techniques. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 15: 317-329. Patterson, D. (1987): The Causes of Down Syndrome. Scientific American, 255: 52-60. Takashima, S., Ieshima, A., Nakamura, H., Becker, L. (1989): Dendrites, Dementia and the Down Syndrome. Brain Development, 11: 131-133. Wisniewski, K., Bobinski, M. (1991): Hypothalamic Abnormalities in Down Syndrome. The Morphogenesis of Down Syndrome., 153-167.

Free Will Essay

Vilayandur S. Ramachandran came from a distinguished family in Tamil Nadu, India, and was neuroscientist, which is a field of study encompassing the various scientific disciplines dealing with the nervous system. Ramachandran’s views on the brain and how it works are discussed in his work â€Å"The New Philosophy†. In his essay he discusses the nature of consciousness, discussing the effects of certain mental states and their influence on the body and the brain. One of his main topics, however, is the Ramachandran’s view of free will. He suggest that â€Å"†¦ neuroscience intersects with philosophy because the question of free will has been a philosophical problem for hundreds of years and more† (Jacobus 569). He discusses the significance of the brain imaging that shows a â€Å"readiness potential† and what it really means to have a free will. Through his essay, though, it is interesting to point out where religion and Christianity stands on the issue of free will and whether Christians are puppets under God’s command. Ramachandran poses this question about free will: â€Å"Is your brain the real one in charge, making your free will only a post-hoc rationalization; a delusion..? † When a special experiment was underway, it was discovered that when a person was told to move their finger within the next ten minutes at their own free will, their brain would kick in almost a second before the actual willingness to move the finger. This posed the original question stated above and brought on other questions as well. If this person is now shown the screen displaying the signal from the EEG scanner hooked up to your brain, they can then see their free will. They will then have three options: 1) They will experience a sudden lack of will, feeling as though the machine is controlling them, making them feel like a puppet. 2) They will refuse to have their belief of their free will to be altered but instead believe that the machine has some â€Å"paranormal precognition by which it is able to predict your movements accurately† (Ramachandran 559-60). 3) The person will reconfigure the experience in their mind, and cling to their sense of freedom, denying what their eyes have seen as evidence and maintain that â€Å"the sensation of will precedes the machine’s signal, not vice versa† (Ramachandran 560). The point when the brain would â€Å"kick in† before the movement is called the â€Å"readiness potential†. The â€Å"readiness potential† is what happens when there is a change in the electrical activity of the brain that occurs before the subject’s conscious decision to move a muscle (medical-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com). Ramachandran believes that â€Å"†¦ there is an inevitable neural delay before the signal arising in one part of the brain makes its way through the rest of the brain to deliver the message†¦ natural selection has ensured that the subjective sensation of willing to delay deliberately to coincide not with the onset of the brain commands but with the actual execution of the command by your finger† (Ramachandran 560). Ramachandran is a firm believer in evolution, believing that the events must have some sort of evolutionary purpose. â€Å"On one hand,† he says, â€Å"this experiment shows that free will is false and cannot be causing the brain events because the events kick in a second earlier. But on the other hand, the pause must have some purpose, otherwise why would the delay have evolved† (Ramachandran 560). Though these events have a purpose, evolutionary is not the answer. In Joshua 24:15 it says â€Å"Choose for yourselves this day who you will serve, as for me and my household we will serve the LORD. † God gives mankind a choice to follow Him and so free will is a gift from God as something to be accepted. Humans have the gift of God to reject or take the free gift that He offers. If humans really are descendants of apes, then when did the gift of free will come into the evolutionary chain of today’s mankind? John 7:37 says â€Å"Anyone who is thirsty may come to me. † It is an offer. Not a demanding command. ‘Anyone who is thirsty may come to me’, shows us that God does not want us to be without his living water and without him, but it is our choice whether we choose to accept God’s free gift of salvation. When studying free will in the Bible and through works of literature like Vilayandur S. Ramachandran, there will always be people on both sides of the argument. Do we have control of our own destinies or are we merely puppets in God’s giant game of the world? My personal beliefs on the subject are as I have stated in this paper: Though God has a control over the destiny of the world and each of our lives, he gives us a chance to make a decision to follow him or to ignore the free gift of his son that he has offered to us. John 3:16 it says: â€Å"For God so loved the world that he gave his only son that whoever believed in him would have eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord. † Works Cited Jacobus, Lee A. A World Of Ideas. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2008. Print. The Free Dictionary. Medical Dictionary. Online source. http://medical-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/readiness+potential Bible. New Living Translation.

Egg Supply Chain

In a few weeks you will start seeing quite a few sales on eggs. Why? Eggs are one of the main staples in the Easter holiday tradition. Everyone gets together the night before Easter and colors their eggs a wide range of colors to put in their Easter baskets for the Easter Bunny to hide. An egg seems like such a simple food item, very few people ever wonder what all had to happen in order for them to be able to buy their eggs from the grocery store. If there were suddenly no eggs to color for Easter I am sure everyone would then want to know. If it even possible to think that the grocery stores would have no eggs? The answer is yes! In order for that carton of eggs to be on the shelf of the store it must travel the supply chain. A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, technology, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product or service from supplier to customer. Supply chain activities transform natural resources, raw materials and components into a finished product that is delivered to the end customer. Egg would seem like such a simple product that there really couldn’t be that much to the supply chain given that the chicken lays the eggs, the farmers puts them in cartons and a truck delivers them to the store. Eggs don’t go through processing like most other food products but still there can be a lot to them depending on what type of eggs you buy and where from. Many people still get theirs from the grocery stores but a rising trend is to purchase them farmers markets or directly from the farmer. Going directly to the farmer for your eggs is becoming more popular because people want to know where their food is coming from and want to know that the animals are not being mistreated or given hormones. In order to discuss the supply chain for eggs one must first ask the questions,Which came first the egg or the chicken? When you attempt to do a supply chain for eggs this is without a doubt the first question you would need to ask. Did the farmer get the egg first and then hatch the chickens to lay more eggs to sell or did he get the chicken first who then laid the eggs? For this paper we are going to assume that the chicken came first. So the first step in the egg supply chain is the hatchery no matter where you get your eggs the process started in the hatchery. Due to the rising trend of going straight to farmer for goods, we are going to look at the supply chain for eggs purchased directly from the farmer. Also this is how I get my eggs so I thought it would be more interesting, of course the eggs I get come from my aunt so there is not much to them aside from the gas used to drive to her farm and pick them up. Her chicks came from a friend who raised chickens but for those farmers who do not have friends or neighbors who raise chickens they would go to a hatchery. Hatcheries are found all over. There are quite a few in Ohio alone, a major one is found in the Cincinnati area. Once the farmer gets his peeps from the hatchery they are placed in a chicken coup which has access to a pasture for the chickens to graze. Chickens eat a wide variety of things but mostly are fed corn or other vegetables already found on the farm. Chickens that are allowed to graze produce better quality eggs due to the fact that they get more nutrients from the ground than those chickens raised in cages. The next step in the supply chain once you have the chickens and they lay the eggs is to gather and package them for sale. Eggs are usually gathered on a plastic tray and then washed and sanitized then stored in a refrigerator. Many co-op farms that you buy from have you bring your own container for your eggs, this saves them money and also the environment if you reuse the same carton. Most people just bring a carton from store bought eggs. The egg carton was invented in 1911 to help keep a farmer’s eggs from breaking while delivering. Egg cartons come in a variety of forms from Styrofoam to molded pulp and paper. You can even buy plastic storage containers for eggs that can reused again and again. One of major suppliers of egg cartons to small farms is a company called Eggcartons. com. They do not produce the egg cartons themselves but rather buy them in large quantity then sell in smaller quantity to farmers. Once the eggs are packaged they are ready for sale whether to a local farmer market or directly to the customer who visits the farm. Farm raised eggs there seems to not be too much competition out there. Very few farms do this and the ones that do are spaced a good ways apart, also the fact that the small farms cannot produce as much as the bigger companies limits them on what they can sell anyhow. The only major issue that could impact the supply chain for a local farmer is to lose his chickens or for them to fall ill and not be able to produce enough eggs to meet demand. Some interesting facts on eggs are according to National Egg Producer Organization ( I am not making this up, the group exists) Ohio is the number 2 egg producer in the United States, second to only Iowa. In 2008, over 209. 1 million cases of eggs were produced in the United States and of that 209. 1 million 68 million cases (32. 2%) were further processed (for foodservice, manufacturing, retail and export); 121. 7 million cases (58. 2%) went on to retail; 18 million cases (9%) went for foodservices use; and 1. 4 million (0. 7%) were exported. (http://www. unitedegg. org/useggindustry_generalstats. aspx) The Supply Chain Diagram {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame}

Free Essays on Teaching Should Be Highest Paid Profession

Teaching should be the highest paid profession What came first the chicken or the egg? The age old question that has puzzled and confused many but may never be answered. Now, ask yourself â€Å"Who came first the teacher or the doctor?† a question you may want to ponder upon the next time you vote not to increase the educational budget so that teachers maybe paid for their jobs rather than robbed of their earnings. Teaching is a hazardous sometimes frustrating and tiring occupation not to mention depressing due to the lack of pay. Teaching requires a person to be hard working, devoting, careful and most importantly able to portray different roles or people within the classroom. Due to these extensive requirements, Teaching should be the highest paid occupation. Being an educator is becoming increasingly dangerous. In 1998, students of a high school in Oklahoma were scared half to death when some teens brought guns to school injuring and killing many. More recently, a young teen shoots and kills his male teacher on the last day of school. Imagine that these are just two of the hundreds maybe thousands of instances where teachers have been harmed or placed in unsafe situations. A teacher must now live in fear, and they are now slapped with the hard and devastating realization that they could be harmed while at work. Now you may say that Policemen and firefighters are presented with life and death situations everyday, but these people enter their profession knowing the dangers and risks they will face. Teachers on the other hand enter their profession under false pretenses, never really knowing that their supposed rewarding jobs come with a high price. Another reason why salaries of teachers are not coherent with the level of work and should be increased is the amount of work and difficulty they face each day. Lets visualize a class of thirty students ranging from the age of six to eight years, now, all these childr... Free Essays on Teaching Should Be Highest Paid Profession Free Essays on Teaching Should Be Highest Paid Profession Teaching should be the highest paid profession What came first the chicken or the egg? The age old question that has puzzled and confused many but may never be answered. Now, ask yourself â€Å"Who came first the teacher or the doctor?† a question you may want to ponder upon the next time you vote not to increase the educational budget so that teachers maybe paid for their jobs rather than robbed of their earnings. Teaching is a hazardous sometimes frustrating and tiring occupation not to mention depressing due to the lack of pay. Teaching requires a person to be hard working, devoting, careful and most importantly able to portray different roles or people within the classroom. Due to these extensive requirements, Teaching should be the highest paid occupation. Being an educator is becoming increasingly dangerous. In 1998, students of a high school in Oklahoma were scared half to death when some teens brought guns to school injuring and killing many. More recently, a young teen shoots and kills his male teacher on the last day of school. Imagine that these are just two of the hundreds maybe thousands of instances where teachers have been harmed or placed in unsafe situations. A teacher must now live in fear, and they are now slapped with the hard and devastating realization that they could be harmed while at work. Now you may say that Policemen and firefighters are presented with life and death situations everyday, but these people enter their profession knowing the dangers and risks they will face. Teachers on the other hand enter their profession under false pretenses, never really knowing that their supposed rewarding jobs come with a high price. Another reason why salaries of teachers are not coherent with the level of work and should be increased is the amount of work and difficulty they face each day. Lets visualize a class of thirty students ranging from the age of six to eight years, now, all these childr...

Free Essays on The Monk

The Monk: A Rebellious Offspring of the Age of Reason Understanding the Gothic novel can be accomplished by obtaining a familiarity of the Augustan point of view, which helps to develop a reference point for comparing and contrasting the origin of Gothic literature. The thinking that was being questioned by the Gothic novel was Augustanism; and without some understanding of Augustan principles and their role in eighteenth-century thought it is difficult to understand the purposes of the Gothic revival, either in terms of history or in terms of the way in which it offered a new conception of the relations between man, nature and a supreme being. David punter describes the political relationship of the Augustan thinker to the literary world, â€Å" It is tempting to see in Augustanism the doctrine of a small cultural elite holding on to power and status under increasing pressure, and that pressure as precisely that exerted by the new reading public on the homogeneity of the old literary establishment (p 31 Punter). This small number of e lite would have included, but not limited to, Fielding, Johnson and especially Pope. However, Fielding and Johnson were slowly stepping outside of the realm of the Augustan limitations. Fielding was undoubtedly Augustan in his beliefs in the stability of social rules and the necessity of a social and psychological compromise, but his mocking attitude towards literary stipulation represents a more moderate Augustan replication. Johnson, on the other hand, was a firm believer in these literary rules and yet it was his ‘Preface to Shakespeare’ which became the first significant breach in these limitations. Alexander Pope’s ‘Essay on Man’ embodies the cosmological, theological and ethical beliefs of the Augustan age; while at the same time exemplifying submission to the rules of literary form. The Augustan approach was intellectual with formal restraint; while relying on reason and traditionalis... Free Essays on The Monk Free Essays on The Monk The Monk: A Rebellious Offspring of the Age of Reason Understanding the Gothic novel can be accomplished by obtaining a familiarity of the Augustan point of view, which helps to develop a reference point for comparing and contrasting the origin of Gothic literature. The thinking that was being questioned by the Gothic novel was Augustanism; and without some understanding of Augustan principles and their role in eighteenth-century thought it is difficult to understand the purposes of the Gothic revival, either in terms of history or in terms of the way in which it offered a new conception of the relations between man, nature and a supreme being. David punter describes the political relationship of the Augustan thinker to the literary world, â€Å" It is tempting to see in Augustanism the doctrine of a small cultural elite holding on to power and status under increasing pressure, and that pressure as precisely that exerted by the new reading public on the homogeneity of the old literary establishment (p 31 Punter). This small number of e lite would have included, but not limited to, Fielding, Johnson and especially Pope. However, Fielding and Johnson were slowly stepping outside of the realm of the Augustan limitations. Fielding was undoubtedly Augustan in his beliefs in the stability of social rules and the necessity of a social and psychological compromise, but his mocking attitude towards literary stipulation represents a more moderate Augustan replication. Johnson, on the other hand, was a firm believer in these literary rules and yet it was his ‘Preface to Shakespeare’ which became the first significant breach in these limitations. Alexander Pope’s ‘Essay on Man’ embodies the cosmological, theological and ethical beliefs of the Augustan age; while at the same time exemplifying submission to the rules of literary form. The Augustan approach was intellectual with formal restraint; while relying on reason and traditionalis...

Attraction Visit and Analysis for Eureka Skydeck - myassignmenthelp

Eureka Skydeck is one of the most popular tourist destinations of Melbourne. The Skydeck is located on the 88 th floor of the 91 storied Eureka Tower, providing the highest public view in the Southern Hemisphere at 935 ft (285 m) above the sea level (planetware.com 2018). In the heart of the Southbank of Melbourne, by the Yarra River, the attraction was built from 2002 to 2006. The tower is the tallest one in Melbourne and second tallest in Australia, after Q1 in Queensland. The tower was named after the Eureka Stockade, the rebellion at the time of 1854 Victorian gold rush and hence, the design has incorporated a gold crown at the top of the building representing the gold rush (Eureka Skydeck 2018). The Skydeck also features The Edge, a glass cube projecting outside the building providing a 360 degree view of the city. Eureka Skydeck has a complete website with all the relevant information about the observation deck. Right from the ‘About Us’ to ticket pricing, things to see, education, dining and many more, the website is filled with all sorts of information and pictures. Visitors can check out www.eurekaskydeck.com.au to get the detailed information before visiting this attraction. The website is user-friendly as it contains easy links to important information along with photos of the visitors. It also has multilingual options for visitors, not having proficiency in English only. It is located in the Riverside Quay in Southbank of Yarra River, which is easily accessible by public transport. All the public buses, trams and trains, crossing the Flinders Street Train Station and St. Kilda Road can be availed by the tourists to reach Eureka. Parking options are available at the Wilson Eureka Parking at the cost of AUD 13 for Monday to Friday, entry prior to 4pm, AUD 6 for Monday to Friday, entry after 4pm and AUD 11 for the weekends (Eureka Skydeck 2018). There are plenty of other parking spots at reasonable prices nearby where visitors can park their cars and bikes. The Skydeck has all the modern facilities such as, toilets, disabled ramp to the entrance, souvenir shop, with variety of gift products, free WiFi area (Yoo 2017), small cafes for sandwiches and hot drinks, small seating arrangements and a fine dining restaurant at 89 th floor. There are easy navigation signs that help the visitor through the attraction, from the entrance to the building up to the 88 th floor. There are maps of the path with ‘You are here’ sign at every point of stop for the visitors, however, the signboards are all written in English. Eureka Skydeck offers excellent opportunities for the schools to celebrate different educational events, such as, teacher’s day, education week, children’s day etc. and many more excursions. The schools are offered guided tours at no additional cost if they book during the offers, free entry to the teachers upon showing the VIT card during teacher’s day promotions. The visitor information can be found in the website (Eureka Skydeck 2018). Guides are available for the guided tours only. People mostly prefer to go on a self guided tour and spend time as their own. In case of education excursions and tourists, with difficulty in English, can opt for guided tours. The tourists can avail the audio aid with headphones for audio tour. There brochures and guide books about the Skydeck are available at the entrance of the tower, ticket counters and at the 88 th floor. However, apart from the ‘Serendipity’ touchtable, there are no touch screens for interactions throughout the path to the deck (Eureka Skydeck 2018). The visitors have the option to pick a headphone and walkman to get an audio visual experience of the tour. The AV experience depicts the view points at every angle along with the audio of the history of the construction of the tower and contemporary Melbourne life, some fun facts and trivia (lookear.net.au 2018). Through the interactive AV structure and scripts are also present in the 6 meter long ‘Serendipity’ touchtable presenting less well known facts of the city. Eureka Skydeck offers a 360 degree breathtaking view of the Melbourne city, especially, the Port Phillip Bay, Melbourne’s CBD and Dandenong Ranges through thirty view finders on the observation deck in 88 th floor of the Eureka Tower. It is open daily from 10 in the morning to 10 in the night. Sunset and the evening are the most favored time of the visitors (tripadvisor.in 2018). Apart from the deck, the Edge is also another favorite of the tourists. Eureka has introduced another visitor experience, Eureka Vertigo, where it presents to the visitors an illusion of loosing balance and falling from the 88 th floor at the extra cost of AUD 15. The elevator takes only 38 seconds to reach the deck (tripadvisor.in 2018). The open-air terrace gives a feel of the strong wind and people get the sensation of hanging midair in the Edge. Although it is a ticketed attraction, people prefer to visit the Skydeck to get an extraordinary experience of the magnificent view of the city. As stated by Swarbrooke & Horner (2004), tourists are motivated to visit a place due to the push and pull factors and personality of the tourists is a determining factor for motivation, perceptions and the tourist behavior. Skydeck is preferred by the tourists who are motivated by the features of the Eureka Skydeck and the uniqueness of the experience that it gives. According to the travel-motivation theory by Gray (1979), the consumers choose the travel destination based on the two motives, one is to travel from a known place to unknown place, known as the ‘Wanderlust’ and the other is to travel with a specific purpose to avail some facilities not available at the residential place, known as ‘Sunlust’. These are the mostly the recreational, pleasure, cultural experience, shopping and new experiences (Chen and Chen 2015). In case of the Eureka Skydeck, people come here to have new experience, following the ‘sunlust’ motivation. It can be said that, people love to visit the Eureka Skydeck in the Southbank of Melbourne to get the best view of the city from the tallest observation deck in the Southern Hemisphere. At a minimum cost, the tourists want to get a unique experience, which reflects the motivation of sunlust as well as due to the push and pull factors of the Skydeck. Eureka Skydeck is a must see attraction of Melbourne that provides all the modern facilities to the tourists apart from the marvelous view of the city. From gifts to dining experience, Eureka Vertigo and the Edge are the additional factors that drive the tourists to the Skydeck and make an incredible memory for the lifetime. Chen, L.J. and Chen, W.P., 2015. Push–pull factors in international birders' travel.  Tourism Management,  48, pp.416-425. Eureka Skydeck, 2018.  Eureka Skydeck. [online] Eureka Skydeck. Available at: https://www.eurekaskydeck.com.au/ [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. lookear.net.au, 2018.  Eureka Skydeck. [online] LookEar. Available at: https://www.lookear.net.au/eureka-skydeck.html [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. planetware.com, 2018.  17 Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Melbourne | PlanetWare. [online] Planetware.com. Available at: https://www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions-/melbourne-aus-vic-m.htm [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. Schroeder, A. and Pennington-Gray, L., 2015. The role of social media in international tourist’s decision making.  Journal of Travel Research,  54(5), pp.584-595. Swarbrooke, J. and Horner, S., 2007. Consumer behavior in tourism . Jordan Hill. tripadvisor.in, 2018.  Eureka Skydeck 88 (Melbourne) - What to Know Before You Go (with Photos) - TripAdvisor. [online] Tripadvisor.in. Available at: https://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g255100-d654640-Reviews-Eureka_Skydeck_88-Melbourne_Victoria.html [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. Yoo, T., 2017.  Melbourne's Eureka Tower now has superfast 200Mbps broadband to rival the NBN. [online] Business Insider Australia. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com.au/melbournes-eureka-tower-now-has-superfast-broadband-at-double-the-nbns-speed-2017-2 [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018].