Performance Of Wells Turbine Engineering Essay

Performance Of Wells Turbine Engineering Essay ABSTRACT A Wells turbine has inherent disadvantages in comparison with conventional turbines: relative low efficiency and poor starting characteristics. In this case, the performance of wells turbine is studied on computational analysis by changing aerofoils and providing different angle of incidence for the improvement of the turbines performance. Study is based on analysing the flow of air on turbine using computational analysis at steady condition. 1 INTRODUCTION: The Ozone depletion and global warming have altered the international community and urged the need for more focus on alternative green sources of energy. Ocean wave energy is one of the renewable forms of energy which can be utilized in response to the disturbing prospect of an exhaustible source of energy. Several wave energy devices being studied under many wave energy programs make use of the principle of the oscillating water column (OWC).Potentially; the most successful device used in harnessing on wave energy has been the OWC wave energy converter. The OWC chamber, either floating or bottom standing, with the immersed end opened to the action of the sea. A reciprocating airflow is created by the action of the free surface of the water within the chamber. The conversion of this airflow into mechanical energy may be achieved by a number of devices like:- A. TAPCHAN: The TAPCHAN comprises a gradually narrowing channel with wall heights typically 3 to 5 m above mean water level. The waves enter the wide end of the channel and, as they propagate down the narrowing channel, the wave height is amplified until the wave crests spill over the walls to a reservoir which provides a stable water supply to a conventional low head turbine. The requirements of low tidal range and suitable shoreline limit the world-wide installation of this device. Fig (a) TAPERED CHANNEL[1] (TAPCHAN)http://re.emsd.gov.hk/english/other/marine/images/marine_tech_010_2.gif B. PENDULOR: The PENDULOR device consists of a rectangular box, which is open to the sea at one end. A pendulum flap is hinged over this opening, so that the action of the waves causes it to swing back and forth. This motion is then used to power a hydraulic pump and generator.http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7yge9ouptnhszDgsXGA_gCvAXKqbo78BeXZHFFtPB89433p0p Fig (b) PEDULOR [2] C. WELLS TURBINE: The Wells turbine is one of the most suitable air turbines for energy conversion from oscillating air flow. . A schematic view of the OWC device with a Wells turbine is shown in Fig. c. The Wells turbine is an axial flow air turbine. It consists of several symmetrical aerofoil blades set around a hub. As waves Impinge on the device, they cause the water column to rise and fall in the air chamber, which alternately compresses and depressurized the trapped air. This air is allowed to flow to and from the atmosphere through a turbine which drives an electric generator.http://www.aussiestockforums.com/forums/attachment.php?attachmentid=9213stc=1d=1180172232 Fig (c) WELLS TURBINE[3] Fig. 1.1: Schematic of the Three Major shoreline Devices The Wells turbine is a self-rectifying air turbine which is expected to be widely used in wave energy devices with the OWC (Raghunathan, 1995) .It can extract power at low airflow rate, when other turbines would be inefficient. The Wells turbines for wave power conversion have less efficiency. To increase the efficiency is the major quest all over the world, the flow of air through the wells turbine impeller is carried out in this project by using different size impeller and introducing biplane i.e. two rows of symmetrical aerofoil blades. 1.1 WAVE RESOURCEShttp://www.oceanenergy.ie/images/world-map.jpg Fig. 1.2: Global Distribution of Deep Water Wave power levels in kW/m crest length[4] Despite the climate change phenomena, the world resource for wave remains very much as shown in fig. 1.2 by Dr Tom Thorpe [5]. The highest energy waves are concentrated off the western coasts in the 40o-60o latitude range north and south. The power in the wave fronts varies in these areas between 30 and 70kW/m with peaks to 100kW/m in the Atlantic SW of Ireland, the Southern Ocean and off Cape Horn. The capability to supply electricity from this resource is such that, if harnessed appropriately, 10% of the current level of world supply could be provided [4] PERIOD AMPLITUDE POWER DENSITY VELOCITY (m/s) WAVELENGTH (sec) (m) (kW/m) (m) Storm 14 14 1700 23 320 Average 9 3.5 60 15 150 Calm 5.5 0.5 1 9 50 Fig: 1.3 Tthe nautral and technical wave energy resource for the north and west side of the UK[6] The techinical resource is dependent on the nautral conditions like the shape of the rock and location i.e beaches and gullies. The wave energy at calm sea is considered in this project. 1.2 WELLS TURBINE The monoplane Wells turbine i.e. the basic Wells turbine consists of several symmetrical aerofoil blades (NACA four digit series) set around a hub at 90 degrees with respect to the airflow. Since its an invention by Prof. A.A. Wells in 1976, most researchers have focused on improving its efficiency and its range of efficient operation. In fact, compared to other conventional air turbines (e.g. Francis turbine) the Wells turbine has a lower efficiency and a narrow operational region. Nevertheless, it can extract power at low airflow rate, when other turbines would be inefficient. Fig. 1.4: Schematic of the Monoplane Wells Turbine[7] A schematic diagram of a Wells turbine is shown in Fig. 1.4. At first sight the arrangement might seem to be unlikely means of energy conversion. However, once the blades have attained design speed the turbine is capable of producing a time-averaged positive power output from the cyclically reversing airflow with a fairly high efficiency. Wells turbine has low efficiency and poor starting characteristics. The Biplane Wells turbine: Muhammad Mamun in the Study on the Hysteretic Characteristics of the Wells Turbine in a Deep Stall Condition says the pressure drop across a mono-plane Wells turbine above is proportional to the square of the tip speed which has to be limited if transonic effects are to avoided. For wave energy devices which produce significantly larger pressure drops than the limit for a single plane turbine a biplane turbine can be used Fig. 1.5: Schematic of the Biplane Wells [7] It has certain advantages over the conventional monoplane Wells turbine as follows: I. It can operate under high loading. II. It can absorb higher wave power than the monoplane turbine if the diameter and rotational speed of the turbine are kept constant. III. The design speed is lower than that of the monoplane for the same loading. IV. It avoids the use of guide vanes and therefore the turbine would require less maintenance and repairs. [7] 1.3 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The principle of operation of Wells turbine is based on the classical aerofoil theory. According to the classical aerofoil theory, an aerofoil which is set at an angle of incidence ÃŽÂ ± in a fluid flow generates a lift force L normal to the free stream. The aerofoil also experiences a drag force D in the direction of the free stream (relative velocity). These lift and drag forces can be resolved into tangential (in the plane of rotation) and axial (normal to the plane of rotation) components FT and FA respectively. Fig. 1.6 Notation for determining lift, drag, and axial and tangential forces on An aerofoil[7] Resulting expression for axial and tangential forces FA = LcosÃŽÂ ± + DsinÃŽÂ ± FT = LsinÃŽÂ ± DcosÃŽÂ ± The axial force is absorbed but the turbine while the tangential force causes the turbine to rotate. For a symmetrical airfoil the direction of tangential force is the same for both positive and negative values of ÃŽÂ ±. Therefore, the direction of rotation of the rotor is independent of airflow direction. 2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT Simulation of air flow through wells turbine impeller by means of numerical method using a CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) called FLUENT and check the flow process of different parameters and the factors affecting the differences. Since wells turbine is a low efficiency turbine to increase the efficiency of Wells turbine is the other aim. Path followed to meet the requirements is first calculation of efficiency theoretically. Simulating a modified design by using different angle of incidence and making biplane i.e. two rows. Comparing the results of different model and selecting the suitable design. 3 LITERATURE REVIEW: 3.1 Types of CFD PROCESS USED: Commercial CFD code: FLUENT, Star-CD, FLOW-3D, CFX/AEA, etc. Research CFD code: Self-developed Public domain software (PHI3D, HYDRO, and WinpipeD, etc.) Other CFD software includes the Grid generation software (e.g. Gridgen, Gambit) and flow visualization software (e.g. Tecplot, FieldView) Commercial CFD code FLUENT is used in this project. 3.2 General working on CFD Table3.1: CFD working layout The Processes shown in the table 3.1 is divided into pre- process and post- process viz. GAMBIET AND FLUENT General sequence of GAMBIT operations Initial setup Solver selection, Mesh size, Defaults, etc. Geometry creation (ACIS, IGES or Mesh import) Create full geometry Decompose into mesh-able sections Meshing Local meshing: Edge and Boundary layers Global meshing: Face and/or Volume Mesh examination Zone assignment Continuum and Boundary attachment Mesh export General sequence of FLUENT operations Selection of appropriate models. Turbulence, combustion, multiphase, etc. Define material properties Fluid Solid Mixture Prescribe operating conditions Prescribe boundary conditions at all boundaru zones Provide and initial solution Set up solver controls Set up convergence monitors 3.3 Grid generation: Grid generation is one of the key elements in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFC). It has now become a fairly common tool for use in the numerical solution of partial differential equations on arbitrarily shaped regions. The numerical solution of partial differential equations requires some discretization of the field into a collection of points (nodes) or elemental volumes (cells). The differential equations are approximated by a set of algebraic equations on this collection, and this system of algebraic equations is then solved to produce a set of discrete values which approximates the solution of the partial differential system over the field. The practice of discretizing the physical domain into a finite number of elements is called as grid generation. 3.4 Grid topologies Generally, the governing equations may be transformed into finite element, finite difference, or finite volume equations. The cell types supported by FLUENT are followed as: triangular and quadrilateral cells in 2D are accepted, and in 3D, tetrahedral, hexahedral, wedge, and pyramid cells can be used FIG3.2: Different types of grids Structured versus Unstructured Grids The section presents a brief description of grid generation. The grid generation techniques available at present fall into two categories, namely: a) structured grid generation and b) unstructured grid generation. The structured grid generation techniques are based on the transformation of the complex physical domain into a simple computational domain, which is often chosen to be rectangular in shape (quadrilateral and hexahedron). The unstructured grid generations have been used with FEM (finite element method) procedure only, whereas structured grids have general applicability.[7] . 3.5 Types of structured grid In FLUENT, both single-block and multi-block structured meshes are acceptable, as well as hybrid meshes containing quadrilateral and triangular or hexahedral, tetrahedral, pyramid, and wedge cells Multiple Block Sometimes, it is possible to combine several structured computational meshes together to fit the physical domain. Multi- locking has the advantage of the speed of a structured solver, without as many mapping constraints apparent in single block meshes. Single Block In this technique, one computational grid is mapped to fit the whole physical domain. For even moderately complex shapes, it may be practically impossible to define a transformation which will map the outer surface of the computational domain to the required physical shape, while ensuring that the resulting grid has desirable attributes of smoothness.[7] 3.6 Mesh quality The quality of mesh plays a significant role in the accuracy and stability of the numerical simulations. The attributes associated with mesh quality are density of node, cell shape, smoothness and flow-field dependency. In many cases, poor resolution in critical regions can dramatically alter the flow characteristics. 3.7 The Capabilities of FLUENT This section provides a brief introduction to FLUENT and an explanation of its capabilities [10].FLUENT used in this project is a commercial code and a state-of-the-art computer program for modelling single and multiphase flows, heat and mass transfer, chemical reaction phenomena, and etc. in complex geometries. This code includes following components; FLUENT, the flow solver; GAMBIT, the pre-processor for geometry modelling and mesh generation; pre-PD, and etc. FLUENT solver utilizes a finite-volume, pressure-based, multiphase space marching method (SIMPLE algorithm), for solving the governing integral equations for conservation of mass and momentum, and for energy and other scalars such as turbulence and chemical species. It has the following modelling capabilities: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Flows in 2D or 3D geometries using triangular/tetrahedral, quadrilateral/hexahedral, or mixed (hybrid) grids that include prisms (wedges) or pyramids à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ In compressible or compressible flows à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Steady-state or transient analysis à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Laminar and turbulent flows à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Newtonian or non-Newtonian flow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Convective heat transfer, including natural or forced convection à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coupled conduction/convective heat transfer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Radiation heat transfer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Inertial (stationary) or non-inertial (rotating) reference frame models à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Multiple moving reference frames, including sliding mesh interfaces and mixing planes for rotor/stator interaction modelling à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Chemical species mixing and reaction, including combustion sub models and surface deposition reaction models à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Arbitrary volumetric sources of heat, mass, momentum, turbulence, and chemical species à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Flow through porous media à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ One-dimensional fan/heat-exchanger performance models à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Two-phase flows, including cavitations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Free-surface flows with complex surface shapes FLUENT can provides a number of boundary conditions, including: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Velocity or Pressure Driven Inlets/Outlets à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Stationary or Moving Walls, with or without Friction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Periodic Boundary Conditions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Symmetry Boundary Conditions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Pressure Far-filed Boundary Conditions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Outflow Boundary Conditions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Inlet/Outlet Vent Boundary Conditions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Intake/Exhaust Fan Boundary Conditions As the Well turbine has a complex geometry for modelling, a large number of modelling capabilities are required of the CFD code for the turbine. FLUENT can incorporates all of these capabilities, and is most suitable for modelling the Wells turbine.[10] 4 ANALYSIS OF TASK 4.1 Theoretical calculation: The dimension used in this project is of prototype obtained from others experimental work, the model is designed and simulated by using the two different models shown in the table below. a [8] b[9] Table 4.1 Dimension of wells turbine The theoretical calculation of efficiency is done using the above two different dimension, the method used to calculate the efficiency is shown below. CALCULATION FOR EFFICIENCY: Similarly, CALCULATION AT 4 DEGREE ANGLE OF ATTACK: At ÃŽÂ ±= 4 degree The table below shows a calculated efficiency at different angle of attack calculated using the format shown above. ÃŽÂ ±(degree) ÃŽÂ ±(radians) W(relative velocity) à Ã¢â‚¬ °(rads/sec) Re Cl Cd ÃŽÂ · 4.00 0.07 143.36 42.45 1221641.45 0.40 0.01 21.86 5.00 0.09 114.74 42.39 977760.01 0.50 0.01 23.81 6.00 0.10 95.67 42.32 815255.46 0.60 0.01 25.18 7.00 0.12 82.06 42.24 699252.15 0.70 0.01 26.02 8.00 0.14 71.85 42.14 612312.29 0.80 0.01 26.44 9.00 0.16 63.92 42.03 544748.24 0.90 0.01 26.73 10.00 0.17 57.59 41.91 490747.45 1.00 0.01 26.78 11.00 0.19 52.41 41.77 446611.02 1.10 0.01 26.96 12.00 0.21 48.10 41.62 409873.06 1.20 0.02 26.97 13.00 0.23 44.45 41.46 378826.41 1.30 0.02 26.89 14.00 0.24 41.34 41.29 352251.70 1.40 0.02 26.90 15.00 0.26 38.64 41.10 329254.75 1.30 0.02 23.38 Table 4.2 : Efficiency at different angle Using the values of efficiency and the angle of attack from the above table (4.2) a direct relation between efficiency and the angle of attack is obtained which can be seen in the graph below (fig 4.3). Usig a Trendline option in Microsoft Excel an equation of direct relation between angle of attack and efficiency is obtained. The equation shown in the graph is a sixth order equation which is difficult to differentiate to obtained the angle at which the efficiency will be maximum,so a 2nd order equation is obtained from trendline option. Differentiating the equation gives the value of an angle at which the efficiency is max. From this procedure 12 degree is the calculated angle obtained at which the efficiency is max. Fig 4.3: Efficiency Vs. Angle of Attack y = -0.00026 + 0.00785 0.10484 + 0.70883 2.70462 + 6.5617x + 17.369 when x = 12 y = ÃŽÂ · = 25.98 % After substituting the value on angle obtained for maximum efficiency a difference between the two values is found and it is due to the R squared value. More closer the value of R square to unity more accurate results can be obtained. Equations obtained from Microsoft Excel at different orders are shown below:- Order 2 y = -0.12842 + 1.8889x + 20.336 R ² = 0.8797 Order 3 y = -0.00383 0.05482 + 1.4909x + 20.851 R ² = 0.8848 Order 4 y = -0.00524 + 0.13263 1.22762 + 5.2125x + 17.578 R ² = 0.9636 Order 5 y = -0.0015 + 0.02864 0.26813 + 0.86162 + 0.6489x + 20.649 R ² = 0.9869 Order 6 y = -0.00026 + 0.00785 0.10484 + 0.70883 2.70462 + 6.5617x + 17.369 R ² = 0.9945 Similarly using the dimension in table 4.1 (b) the calculated efficiency is show below ÃŽÂ ±(degree) ÃŽÂ ±(radians) W(relative velocity) à Ã¢â‚¬ °(rads/sec) Re Cl Cd ÃŽÂ · 4.00 0.07 143.36 78.24 916231.00 0.40 0.01 53.72 5.00 0.09 114.74 78.13 733319.93 0.50 0.01 58.49 6.00 0.10 95.67 78.00 611441.53 0.60 0.01 61.87 7.00 0.12 82.06 77.85 524439.06 0.70 0.01 63.93 8.00 0.14 71.85 77.67 459234.17 0.80 0.01 64.96 9.00 0.16 63.92 77.47 408561.14 0.90 0.01 65.68 10.00 0.17 57.59 77.24 368060.55 1.00 0.01 65.80 11.00 0.19 52.41 76.99 334958.23 1.10 0.01 66.24 12.00 0.21 48.10 76.72 307404.76 1.20 0.02 66.28 13.00 0.23 44.45 76.42 284119.78 1.30 0.02 66.07 14.00 0.24 41.34 76.10 264188.75 1.40 0.02 66.10 15.00 0.26 38.64 75.76 246941.04 1.30 0.02 57.46 TABLE 4.4: Efficiency at different angles Similarly in this case a graphical representation of Angle of Attack Vs. Efficiency is obtained which can be seen below and the equation represents a direct relation between efficiency and angle of attack. Fig 4.5 : Efficiency Vs. Angle of Attack Order 6 y = -0.00066 + 0.02925 0.62024 + 6.85633 42.0712 + 139.39x 138.43 R ² = 0.9945 when x =12 y = ÃŽÂ · = 64.24% Similarly using the order 2 equation to find the angle at which the efficiency will be maximum. The calculate angle using the same procedure as above is 12 degree at which the efficiency is maximum. . 4.2 Gambiet (Pre Processing):- The figure below shows an impeller of wells turbine designed with blades at 0 degree angle of incidence and using the dimension from the table 4.1 (a). Fig 4.6: Impeller of wells turbine Creating a model using gambiet and then meshing the geometry for which meshing size is selected based on the Reynolds number. Since the Reynolds number lies in the transational flow at the angle in which the efficiency is maximum,using turbulence boundary layer formula: à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬ ¦ =0.00269 The thicknes of boundary layer is 0.003 m. The mesh size comes to be 0.001m to get three elements in one layer to get fine meshing. In case of 3-Dimensional model the mesh elemet used is Tet/Hybrid. Checking the meshing quality the Aspect Ratio lies between 1 to 4. Boundary conditions is given for impeller is moving wall and interfaces is decided so that the fluid can be rotated within this volume. The mesh is exported for post processing in Fluent 4.3 Fluent (Post Processing) Steps used in fluent is as follows: Step 1 Opening the case file Step 2 Defining the grid interfaces Step 3 Grid check Step 4 Defining model as viscous and using K-epsilon (2 equation ) Step 5 Defining boundary condition In boundary condition fluid within the impeller is made to rotate at 40 rads/sec. The impeller is a moving wall rotating relative to cell zone at 0 rads/sec. Inlet velocity is 10 m/sec and the turbulence method selected is intensity and hydraulic cylinder. Step 6 Solution is converged after ilteraion 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The results shown below contains pressure contours, velocity vectors and pathlines at different cros-section of the models designed using the dimension from table 4.1 (a). Model with blades at 0 degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 0 and 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 0 and 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Model with blades at 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Biplane models Model with blades at 0 degree angle of incidece and inlet from top Model with blades at 0 degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Model with blades at 2(+)and 2(-) degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 2(+)and 2(-) degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Model with blades at 0 degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 0 and 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 0 and 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Model with blades at 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 2 degree(+) angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Biplane models Model with blades at 0 degree angle of incidece and inlet from top Model with blades at 0 degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Model with blades at 2(+)and 2(-) degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from top Model with blades at 2(+)and 2(-) degree angle of incidence and inlet flow from bottom Comparing the above graphical results under a range of 0-400 for comparison except the last two model. The table below shows the value of dynamic pressure (max) in Pascals of above design. From the table it can be seen that the introduction of two rows provides a better result in terms of dynamic pressure. After giving the installatoin angle the maximun dynamic pressure obtained is 1176 pascals by which we can say that the two rows impeller with and an installaition angle is better than the single rows . Assumptions: Various assumptions made to carry out the simulation is as follows: PATHLINES OF PARTICLES ON IMPELLER: AOA 0 INLET FROM TOP AOA 0 AND 2 DEGREE INLET AT TOP AOA 0 AND 2 DEGREE DEGREE INLET AT BOTTOM AOA 2 DEGREE INLET AT TOP AOA 2 DEGREE INLET AT BOTTOM TWO ROWS AOA 0 DEGREE INLET AT TOP AOA 0 DEGREE INLET AT BOTTOM AOA +2 -2 DEGREE INLET AT TOP AOA +2 -2 DEGREE INLET AT BOTTOM The results shown below is of the dimension used from table 4.1 (b). modelling of the wells turbine is divided into two parts theoretical and practical

Informative Speech About Eating Disorders

f SPEECH PLAN FOR INFORMATIVE SPEECH Title:â€Å"What lifestyle do you want to live? Understanding Your Credit† Topic:Credit Reports and Credit Scoring Specific Purpose:I want my audience to understand the factors that make up their credit scores. Thesis Statement: The factors that make up the credit scores are: payment history, debt, length of credit history, new credit, and type of credit used. (www. myfico. com) Organizational Pattern:Categorical Forms of Support:Explanation, graphs, expert testimony, statistics. MESSAGE DESIGNDevelop Introduction Get their attention:Comparison slide of house, car, and job. Make it hit home:Review the first slide. For many, the difference of these two types of lifestyles has nothing to do with knowledge or work ethic, but is based solely on their credit. Reveal Topic:Understanding Your Credit, What options do you want? Aspects of Speech:We are going to review the different factors that make up your credit score: Your payment history, debt, length of credit history, new credit, and type of credit used.Most of the slides and data provided are from FICO, the Fair Isaac Corporation, which the company that compiles credit scores. Transition:Let’s see how much we can cover in 6 minutes. 4-S Development of Main Points Signpost first factor:First, let’s talk about the payment history. State first factor:The Payment History is the largest single contributing factor to your credit score. Support first factor:The Payment History makes up 35% percent of your credit score. (www. myfico. com). The Payment History includes: Revolving Accounts, Installment Accounts, Collections, and Public Records.Listings remain on the payment history for 7 years; and bankruptcy information can remain on the payment history for up to 10 years. Summarize first factor:The payment history receives most of the attention when you and when lenders look at your credit. To keep a high credit score, you must keep your payment history completely clear of negative listings. The FTC estimates that as many as 75% of all credit reports include errors and inaccuracies (www. ftc. gov). For this reason it is important Signpost second factor:Next, let’s talk about debt.State second factor:The second largest factor that influences your credit score is your debt. Support second factor:When your credit score is calculated, the Fair Isaac Corporation will look at how much debt you have. This will make up 30% of your credit score. Debt will not necessarily lower your credit score, although that depends on where the debt is located. The type of debt that is most heavily considered when calculating your credit score is your debt to credit ratio with your revolving accounts.According Lexington Law Firm (www. lexingtonlaw. com), to maximize your credit score you need to keep your credit card balances below 20% of their total balance within the FICO scoring updates in 2008. Your debt will also be looked at by lenders to evaluate your debt to income ratio, although this does not affect your score. Summarize 2nd factor:When we think of fixing our credit, most of us think of paying off our debts. This will not necessarily raise our credit scores, except in the case of lowering our credit card balances.Your credit score relies more heavily on making the payments on time, and your ratios then how much debt you have. Signpost third factor: Next let’s review the 3 smaller factors that influence your credit score. State third factor:The 3 smaller factors that influence your credit score are the length of credit history, new credit, and the types of credit that you use Support third factor:These other three types of credit make up the last 35% of your credit score, so together, they are just as influential to your credit score as your payment history.First they take the length of your credit history into account, FICO and lending institutions want to make sure that you have established long habits of utilizing yo ur credit responsibly. Second creditors feel that it is a red flag if you are trying to apply for too many new forms of credit in a short period of time, so they track your inquiries (every time a creditor checks your credit for a purchase). These inquiries are most influential on your score for 1 year after they are made and completely fall off of your score after 2 years. The last factor is the types of credit used.FICO and lenders prefer that you have experience in paying off loans and using credit cards, although using only one of these types of credit can be sufficient to satisfy most of the 10% of the weight in this factor. Summarize third factor:As we establish credit, it is important that we keep a long stable history in our credit reports. Closing credit cards may hurt your credit because it will lower the length of your history. These small factors are usually discarded as we try to establish our credit, but for many, make up the difference between a 720 and an 850 credit score.Develop Conclusion Summarize points:In our society, we are constantly being judged by our credit score. For most of us, our standard of living will be determined by this score. It is important to keep a clean payment history, low balances on credit cards, and multiple credit lines for a long period of time to get the score that you need. Here is a listing of the tiers of credit scores and interest rates you may receive by being responsible with your credit. Restate your purpose:Your credit is important, and it is tracked for years at a time.If you’ve made some mistakes, look into getting it fixed, and learn the principles of keeping a high credit score so you’re not caught unawares of traps in the future. Close: REFERENCES 1. Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO). www. myfico. com/crediteducation 2. Lexington Law Firm, John Heath, Directing Attorney. www. lexingtonlaw. com 3. Federal Trade Commission, The Impact of National Credit Reporting under the Fair Credit Reportin g Act. http://www. ftc. gov/bcp/workshops/infoflows/statements/cate02. pdf

Nationalism Nationalism And Nationalism - 1224 Words

WHAT IS NATIONALISM The word country was utilized before 1800 in Europe to allude to the occupants of a nation and in addition to aggregate personalities that could incorporate shared history, law, dialect, political rights, religion and customs. Nationalism is a scope of political, social, and financial frameworks described by advancing the interests of a specific country, especially with the point of picking up and keeping up self-administration, or full power, over the gathering s country. Nationalism accordingly tries to protect the country s way of life. It regularly likewise includes a feeling of pride in the country s accomplishments, and is firmly connected to the idea of patriotism. At times, patriotism alluded to the†¦show more content†¦They battled in his wars and excitedly joined the new German Empire, which Bismarck kept running as a power for adjust and peace in Europe after 1871. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGICAL NATIONALISM ( TECHNO - NATIONALISM) Technological patriotism is a method for seeing how innovation influences the general public and culture of a country. One regular case is the utilization of innovation as the key subject in a Nationalist task, with the objective of advancing connectedness and a more grounded national character. This thought builds up the conviction that the accomplishment of a country can be dictated by how well that country advances and diffuses innovation over its kin. Innovative Nationalists trust that the nearness of national RD endeavors, and the viability of these endeavors, are key drivers to the general development, manageability, and flourishing of a nation. NAZI GERMANY Nazi Germany is the regular English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was represented by an autocracy under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Under Hitler s administer, Germany was changed into a totalitarian state in which the Nazi Party controlled about all parts of life. The period is likewise known under the names the Third Reich and the National Socialist Period. The Nazi administration reached an end after the Allied Powers crushed Germany in May 1945, finishing World WarShow MoreRelatedNationalism And Nationalism1384 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: As observed in history, nationalism is an ideology and movement that has been rather a very powerful force within world politics. Categorised as one of the causational forces of war and conflict, nationalism has been used both positively and negatively to change the running of international affairs and politics. Yet with liberal ideology of globalisation, the world hoped for an era free of ethnic dissents and national conflicts as ethnicity and nationalism were being quickly archaic (KaldorRead MoreNationalism Of Nationalism1186 Words   |  5 Pagesindependence for many reasons. Nationalism being one because it gives people the idea that their nation deserves more than what is being given to them or not agree with with the form of rule from a controlling nation. â€Å"Nationalism is the ideology based on the premise that the individual’s loyalty and devotion to the nation-state surpass other individual or group interests, advocacy of political independence for a particular country †(Webster 3). During the course of history nationalism has led many groups ofRead MoreNationalism Causes Of Nationalism1697 Words   |  7 Pages1. Nationalism fuels William’s actions to seek self-determination for Scotland; as a result of nationalism, William actively seeks freedom. Out of his sense of duty and sacrifice for the nation, although it began as a personal matter of the English killing his wife, he leads an initially successful peasant revolt against the English men, in order to be free from their clutches. For instance, before the Battle of Stalingrad, William inspires the peasants through a persuasive speech of how the EnglishRead MoreWhat is Nationalism?796 Words   |  3 PagesI agree that the main reason for formatting nation-states is nationalism. Nationalism can be defined as a combination of patriotism with sensation of nation, it includes patriotism and nation concepts (Hayes 1960: 2). Kohn (1955) defines nationalism as a state of mind, e ach person will be piety to their state highly because of their nation-state (Berberoglu 2004: 6). Nation-state could be defined as a group of people who have the awareness to community which share a common culture, past memory andRead MoreCauses Of Nationalism1071 Words   |  5 Pagesforged the future of these counties. At a moment when the war had just started. Nationalism was a mindset, a smaller version of brainwash. It motivated people to excel in their respective tasks. Economic and politic have changed how each country identified themselves which lead them to choose between socialism and capitalism. It determined the effectiveness of their army, mindset culture and so on. The concept of Nationalism started in Europe, due to the war that was getting aggravated day by day dueRead MoreSpanish Nationalism1115 Words   |  5 PagesSpanish nationalism - is the nationalism asserts that Spaniards are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Spaniards. It has been typically been closely tied to the conceptions of a Castilian-based culture. The Castilian language became the Spanish language. Other expressions of Spanish nationalism have included pan-Iberianism and pan-Hispanism. The origins of Spanish nationalism have been claimed to have begun with theReconquista - beginning with the victory of Catholic forces against MuslimRead MorePhilippine Nationalism1449 Words   |  6 PagesNationalism is a multidimensional social construction reflected in the communal identification with ones nation. Nationalism is further oriented towards developing and maintaining a national identity based on shared characteristics such as culture, language, race, religion, poli tical goals or a belief in a common ancestry. Nationalism therefore seeks to preserve the nations culture. It often also involves a sense of pride in the nations achievements, and is closely linked to the concept of patriotismRead MoreEssay On Nationalism808 Words   |  4 PagesNationalism is an important ideology for any successful nation. Nationalism in America dates back to the mid to late 1700’s. Many important events that occurred between 1700-1865 were influenced by nationalism. Nationalism greatly influenced the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the War of 1812, and the Manifest Destiny in 1845. But what is nationalism? Nationalism is an ‘ideology based on the premise that the individual’s loyalty and devotion to the nation-state surpass otherRead MoreHindi Nationalism1427 Words   |  6 PagesHindi Nationalism This piece on Hindu nationalism, written by Alok Rai, deals with the coming of modern Hindi in the late 90s and the early 20s. Alok Rai who is also known as a critical thinker, theorist and also the grandson of Premchand makes his readers aware of the process of modernization in the case of language. In this essay we get to witness a connection between Hindi (old Hindi) and â€Å"Hindi† (new Hindi). Making of Hindi as a modern language connects to the programme of the imagining theRead MoreEssay on Kedouries Nationalism602 Words   |  3 PagesIn his book Nationalism (1960), Elie Kedourie describes nationalism as a doctrine invented in Europe at the beginning of the nineteenth century, emphasizing the artificial character of this ideology that combines the political idea of self-government with anthropological notions of shared national characteristics. To understand the development of nationalism, Kedourie looks back into some events and ideas that form the history and se t the background for the creation of the ideology. Kedourie

Internal Terrorism in India - 5989 Words

Table of content Introduction 01 Chronology of major incidents 04 †¢ Western india 04 †¢ Jammu and kashmir 05 †¢ Northern and Northwestern India 06 †¢ Northeastern india 10 †¢ South india 13 †¢ Challenges before India’s Internal Security 14 Internal strategy 16 Introduction Internal terrorism has been an ugly scene in India probably for as long as we have known. The independence war saw the nation split into two parts which led to not only blood shed but left a scar across the hearts of many. People who were living together were made to separate and more importantly ideologies were imposed and the immediate next generation exposed to†¦show more content†¦(I agree there can be a lot of debate here.) 4. Fundamentalism grows when you do not take action against it. When we allow incidents like what is happening in Maharashtra, andhra Pradesh (India) we are paving the path for further internal terrorism. The policy makers and more importantly the implementing machinery has to move beyond trivial interests and nip this from the bud. 5. We cannot allow a collective history of brutal memories to develop. When the mother in MNIK says â€Å"there is only a good boy and a bad boy† i cringe at that. Maybe it is our collective duty to ensure that the generation growing up now and preparing for the future is not fed with hatred and vengeance. Exchange of ideas, opinions, and perspectives in the youth has to be ensured. Allowing more and more students from these terror prone areas to assimilate in the mainstream cities and ensure that the youth is not brought up with a tormented history in their system. One essential thriving point of fundamentalism is the target audience that it holds and it is essential that we break that cycle. It is our collective responsibility that a Muslim boy does not grow up resentful or that he is not brought up with a museum of collected horror stories. The generation bringing up its children has to move ahead with a resolve that the children grow up loving andShow MoreRelatedPakist Pakistan For Counter Terrorism And Sino Pak Cooperation825 Words   |  4 Pagesits counter terrorism efforts. Beside others, Ramzi Yousef and Mir Amal Kansi, the prime perpetrator of terrorists’ attacks on World Trade Center and United States embassies in Africa were apprehended by Pakistan. â€Å"Despite being the victim of terrorism itself, Pakistan has been cooperating with the international community and the US in counterterrorism efforts† . After 9/11 China sought cooperation from Pakistan for counter terrorism and Sino-Pak cooperation and ‘combating terrorism, separatismRead MorePolicy In Pakistan997 Words   |  4 Pagescombat regional terrorism and facilitate peace in Afghanistan. However, it has hardly achieved any tangible results. The Pakistani army, which supersedes it’s elected government, diverted these funds towards anti-India terror factions for covert proxy wars due to it’s historic rivalry with India. These terror factions carried out the Mumbai terror attacks in 2008, attracting censure from Pakistan’s civilians and international condemnation at a time when US strategic convergence with India was growingRead MoreFuture Of Terrorism And Its Future Prospects Within Pakistan1598 Words   |  7 PagesFUTURE OF TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN 1. The threat of terrorism which existed prior to 9/11 got accentuated and transformed into a potent, dynamic and multi-dimensional phenomenon. As of today, few countries in the world are threatened by such diverse forms and manifestations of terrorism as we are; both in the present and futuristic context. There are external influences and there are internal dissentions. While the vested interests of the regional and global players denote one facet, the socio-politicalRead MoreThe And Political Foundation For Lay Participation1516 Words   |  7 Pages9/11 and the passage of the 2001 Patriot Act in the United States and similar anti-terrorism measures imposed in other nations in the world, serious terrorism charges have been brought against their citizens, political dissidents, and civic activists. In Australia, for instance, after the passage of the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2002, two separate juries examined charges of terrorism. In Australia’s first-ever terrorism trial in 200 5, the all-citizen jury acquitted Zeky Mallah, 21-year-old supermarketRead MoreCan India Become a Superpower?993 Words   |  4 Pages Can India become a Superpower? The question is common and comes in evey mind, the topic is everlasting and in limeline. For being a superpower a country must have to solve his external and internal conflicts,its true that no country an become a superpower if ts not a developed one and india has yet to devlope andcan be said as an emerging power. Walking on this path is not so smooth you will find thorns that make you lame and sometimes huge rocks are ready to crush you so as India is facingRead MoreEssay on Internal Affairs and Canadas Previous Position on Terrorism575 Words   |  3 PagesInternal Affairs and Canadas Previous Position on Terrorism A terrorist Tunnel: Issues concerning Canadas borders and the present threat of International terrorism Preface From the FLQ (Front de Liberation du Quebec) crisis to the recent acts of terrorism by Singh Rayet and the Tiger group, terrorism has found a place in Canadian society. Because of this, in the last 50 years, Canada has developed several reactionary policies, and control/Prevention mechanisms to dealRead MoreIndi A Part Of South Asia874 Words   |  4 PagesIndia is a part of South Asia with an estimated total population of 1.25 billion in 2014 (statista). It was under British rule and became independent in 1947. India is known for its ethnic and cultural diversity. It is home for numerous castes and tribes. 80% of country’s population follows Hinduism. Other religious include Sikhism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and Jainism. It has 23 constitutionally recognized languages and more than hundreds of other local languages. There are 29 states andRead MoreThe Shanghai Cooperation Organization Is Only At The Initial Stage Of Its Development903 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Shanghai Cooperation Organization is only at the initial stage of its development, there are obvious problems, but there is progress. After just five years since its foundation, it is developing a high-level cooperation in the fight against terrorism, separatism and extremism. There is the potential for qualitative steps in the fight against the drug menace, successfully developing economic cooperation, signed many important documents are created and continue to create the necessary structuresRead MoreIndonesi A Successful Model Of A Muslim Nation Practicing Democracy1489 Words   |  6 Pagesof the world’s most diverse nations.† (Secretary, 2010) Agreements, like the CPA with Indonesia, will also have a significant effect on America’s ability to influence Indonesia’s Southeast Asian regional neighbors indirectly. â€Å"The rise of China and India has, in turn, started the process of the emergence of a new regional architecture in the Asia-Pacific. Therefore, of particular importance is the imperative for Indonesia and the US to work together in shaping a regional architecture that can accommodateRead MoreThe Era Of Co Operation And Developing International Relations1654 Words   |  7 PagesSAARC is such an organization. SAARC is the acronym for South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. As a clear form the name SAARC is an inter-governmental platform for co-operation. SAARC’s member nations are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Srilanka with UN, OIC, EU and China being the observers. South Asian Association for Regional Co-Operation has always urged dismantling of non-traffic barriers to increase exports from developing countries for 31 years

Communication With Critically Ill Patients Essay - 1276 Words

Alasad and Muayyad who are authors of the article â€Å"Communication with critically ill patients (2004) found that the nurses communicated and interacted less with unconscious patients than they did with verbally responsive patients. Additionally, a study carried out by Elliot and Wright (1999) showed that patients who were unable to open their eyes or squeeze the nurses hands were not given reassurance by nurses. A study conducted on adults who were mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU by Samuelson (2011) showed that only 81% remembered ICU experience and that 71% from these recalled unpleasant memories. Also, a study which focused on ICU patients by Hofhuis et al. (2016) showed that 11% of these patients reported psychological problems manifested by depression, fear, inability to concentrate, or other symptoms after ICU stay. Another study conducted by Happ et al. (2011) on nurses and non-speaking patients in the ICU showed that 37.7% of pain messages and 25% of messages about other unpleasant topics were unsuccessfully exchanged between the patients and nurses. Evidence from some of these studies emphasize that nurses should develop better communication skills so that they successfully communicate with and understand their patients, decreasing unpleasant experiences (Alasad Muayyad, 2004; Elliot Wright, 1999; Happ et al., 2011; Hofhuis et al., 2008; Samuelson, 2011). For instance, in a study assessing the patient-nurse interaction, in a critical care unit,Show MoreRelatedEffective Communication With Families Of Critically Ill Patients1577 Words   |  7 Pages Effective Communication with Families of Critically Ill Patients Taylor James-Britt Denver School of Nursing â€Æ' Abstract Communication as to end-of-life care within a critical care setting is discussed within this paper. Also examined will be the unexpected stress of a critically ill patient, the emotional impact the family must burden, and the utilization a family care conference to facilitate proper communication. Additionally, the first-hand experience of withdrawal of care that this authorRead MoreThe, Bundle And Role Of Critical Care Nurses1266 Words   |  6 Pagesventilator-associated pneumonia. The role of critical care nurses’ in the ICU is not only essential but it is pertinent in the success of a patients’ ability to recover and leave the ICU department. â€Å"A â€Å"bundle,† according to the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, is a set of evidence-based practices-generally 3-5-that, when performed collectively and reliably, improve patients’ outcomes. The Awakening and Breathing Coordination, Delirium Monitoring and Management, and Early Mobility (ABCDE ) bundle incorporatesRead MoreConcept of Critical Care1266 Words   |  6 PagesAs defined by the World Federation of Critical Care Nurses: Specialized nursing care of critically ill patients who have manifest or potential disturbances of vital organ functions. Critical care nursing means assisting, supporting and restoring the patient towards health, or to ease the patient’s pain and to prepare them for a dignified death. Aim To establish a therapeutic relationship with patients and their relatives and to empower the individuals’ physical, psychological, sociological,Read MoreEssay on Treatment or Not for Criticallly Ill789 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern medicine, we often come across the patients who are critically ill and their chances to sustain life are very less. In these cases it is very important for the patient and their families to make a decision whether to continue the treatment or not. This paper is based on this topic inspired by the study conducted (by Lind, R et al., 2013) on the patients who were critically ill and the involvement of their families in end-of-life decision. The purpose of this paper is to implement the findingsRead MoreNursing Assessment and Patient Care Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesin this patient was of a particular critical nature due to the fact that her dialysis treatment had moved her rapidly through the first two stages of shock with her compensatory mecha nisms failing very quickly (Tait, 2012). It was also much harder to identify the early signs of hypovolaemic shock, as some of the signs and symptoms could have been attributed to her kidney failure (Macintosh and Moore, 2011; Murphy and Byrne, 2009). The time span of the nursing care provided for this patient will beRead MoreIntroduction To Crossing The Quality Chasm : A New Health System For The 21st Century928 Words   |  4 PagesThe Institute of Medicine of 2001, states numerous areas where healthcare is failing patients, stating delivery of care is often overly complex and uncoordinated, leading to a slowdown in care rather than improved efficiency in regards to patient safety (Institute of Medicine, 2001). To account for the incommodious system, the Institute of Medicine discusses in a health policy review released titled Crossing the Quality Chasm: A new Health System for the 21st Century. six aims for improvement ofRead MoreEvaluation Of A Nursing For An Increased Intracranial Pressure New Admission933 Words   |  4 PagesMy charge nurse informed me that my assignment was to care for an increased intracranial pressure new admission. The gentleman was in his early thirties and he came in thought the hospital emergency department after wrecking his motorcycle. This patient was immediately transferred up to my intensive care unit and had family present. I went into the room to get report and my patient’s father constantly interrupted the dayshift nurse. He frantically asked what was happening, if there was any hope ofRead MoreEvaluation Of An Increased Intracranial Pressure New Admission Patient936 Words   |  4 PagesSimulation Reflection My charge nurse informed me that my assignment was to care for an increased intracranial pressure new admission patient. The gentleman was in his early thirties and he came in thought the hospital emergency department after wrecking his motorcycle. This patient was immediately transferred up to my intensive care unit and had family present. I went into the room to get report and my patient’s father constantly interrupted the day shift nurse. He frantically asked what was happeningRead MoreEssay on Importance of Communication Between Doctors and Nurses916 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Effective Communication between Doctors and Nurses during End-of-Life Care in the Intensive Care Unit End-of-life care, as defined by the U.S. National Institute on Aging, is the term used to describe the support and medical care given during the time surrounding death. The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a specialty area that cares for critically-ill patients who are facing life-threatening problems. The goal of the ICU is to help patients and their families get through this difficultRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Ill Patients1978 Words   |  8 Pages2009, p.213). Patients who are critically ill often require multiple therapies, monitoring devices, and mechanical ventilation. A majority of the critically ill patients remain in bed rest during their ICU and hospital stay. Prolonged immobility and bed rest have negative effects on patient outcomes leading to acute complications, longer ICU and hospital stay, and increase in mortality and morbidity rates (Dang, 2013). Nurses and other healthcare providers strive to keep the patient stable and help

Heard Curious Facts About The Amount Of Time Free Essays

Most of us have often heard curious facts about the amount of time we devote to certain activities. For example, one can be amazed by the realization that we spend more than one third of our life in sleep. But not less importantly, when speaking about our conscious part of life we have to admit that more than a half of it is occupied by work. We will write a custom essay sample on Heard Curious Facts About The Amount Of Time or any similar topic only for you Order Now And while the state of sleep is usually pleasant for us, if one dislikes his or her job it is a great problem, as spending half of our life for an unpleasant activity looks like a very pessimistic perspective. Moreover, some researchers even suggest that it is the very nature of human beings that makes us dislike work as such, and that we carry our professional and personal chores only out of the bare necessity to survive rather than because we enjoy it. However, I believe that this view is somewhat simplistic, and that it is possible for a person to really enjoy his or her job, and with the help of the personal association with what one is doing to turn the necessary work into a perfectly meaningful activity. Let me try to define what I mean by this, and how I define the notion of meaningful work. First of all, it seems safe to suppose that without the internal motivation based on our system of psychological rewards human beings in any time during the history would hardly commence any kind of activity that would lead beyond the satisfaction of the most basis needs, such as the need for food and shelter that even animals can fully satisfy with their level of intelligence. Thus, there is something in the human psychology that seems to drive us to the achievement of something excessive in relation to the minimal possible goal. In the context of our discussion, this psychological factor means that there is something in the process of work of almost any kind that can incite the person carrying it to strive for its completion for the sake of the completion. And on my personal example I can testify that the visible end result of the work can trigger mechanisms of psychological reward, which for some people, including me, can in the future serve as powerful additional motivators (Bryner 2007). On ground of this, as one of the definitions of meaningful work may serve the establishment of the link between a person`s understanding that work can actually offer psychological rewards that are safe in contrast to those offered for instance by alcohol or drug abuse, and the chosen strategy of behaviour in which that person aims to include work in her or his life as a necessary and worthwhile activity that satisfies something more than the mere need for money. That the above mentioned approach to the definition of meaningful work is indeed a possible life strategy is testified by the example of what is known as workaholism, a psychological dependency on one`s professional activity as on the only or the most significant source of self-satisfaction. This phenomenon demonstrates that the psychological rewards produced by work can be so strong that they may essentially overtake a person with the force similar to a drug seeking behavior (Killinger 2004, pp.3-17). While this may be quite problematic for an individual, it can help us strengthen our definition of meaningful work in such a way as to in addition to the already mentioned understanding of psychological rewards associated with work to include in it the clause that meaningful work is also characterized by person`s ability to imagine life without it and still retain the sense of one`s being. In this light, a truly meaningful work may be defined as an inherently voluntary activity based on the assumption that one`s occupation is neither based on the unavoidable compulsion, nor is the only meaning of life, but rather represents the possibility for a harmonious personal development and offers benefits for one`s emotional and even spiritual life. With all this said, I think we can conclude that the idea that the human unwillingness to work is our inherent quality is true only in a limited context, while from the general point of view work we are involved in influences almost every aspect of our life, and therefore is an integral part of our being. Sources Bryner, Jeanna. â€Å"Subliminal Rewards Trigger Harder Work, Research Shows†. LiveScience.com, 2007. Visited April 16, 2007 at http://www.livescience.com/ Killinger, Barbara. Workaholics: the Respectable Addicts. Key Porter Books Ltd, 2004. How to cite Heard Curious Facts About The Amount Of Time, Essay examples

Prejudice Essay Example For Students

Prejudice Essay When a person hears the word prejudice, he or she might think it only refers to the racial prejudice often found between those with light skin and those with dark skin. Prejudice, however, runs much deeper than a persons color. Prejudice is found between gender, religion, cultural, geographical background, and race. People have discriminated against others based upon these attributes from the beginning of time. Prejudice has become a complex problem in society today and much of the worlds history is based upon such hatred. In the 1600s, white men used Africans as slaves and treated them as if they were not human. Colored people were not even allowed to use the same drinking fountains as white people until the mid-1900s. Hitler and his men killed over five million people because they were Jewish or were not their definition of normal. The Ku Klux Klan exists today and openly professes its hatred towards the Jewish and colored people. Society is riddled with such hatred based upon peoples beliefs and origins and it seems millions are fighting each other for no relevant reason at all. I do believe that we can greatly reduce the amount of prejudice in the world today, yet I do not think that it will ever completely go away. Society has seemingly come to accept all races, religions, and genders, and supposedly has achieved political correctness. Yet there will forever be individuals who discrimi nate based upon these issues. These individuals often form large groups that recruit new members to enforce their hatred of those with a certain religion or skin tone. Obviously, no one can tell these people that they cannot have their own opinions or beliefs, for they have the right to hate whomever they like. I believe, however, society needs to raise todays children to accept all people, no matter what god they do or do not believe in or what color skin they may have. If children are raised around people who are not the same as they are, then they will most likely not think anything different of people who do not look the same as them or believe what they believe. If humanity raises their children to believe all people are equal from the start, then prejudice will slowly disintegrate over time. The world needs to focus on not judging people before they know them for who they are. Today, there are so many different people in this world that stereotypes are almost always incorrect, as many people choose not to be followers, but to be individuals. I know many elderly people who, if they see a young black male standing on the corner wearing a certain type of clothing, will distinguish him as a gang member and has intentions of hurting others. How could someone say such a thing when all they have seen is ones appearance? The boy standing there could be a great student in school who helps others and plans to become someone important in the future. Asians, African-Americans, Hispanics, Caucasians, and all other ethnic groups need to look past each others physical characteristics and start looking inside a person to see who they truly are. After all, personalities do not lie on the outside of ones body, but in ones mind. I believe people need to stop following the crowd and form their own opinions. I am very sure that few members of the Ku Klux Klan originally felt as if whites are superior to all other races. They simply felt as if they would fit in better and wou ld be more popular or on a higher-level if they believed such ideas. As the Klan gained members, it became more powerful and an increasing number of people felt as if their lives would be improved if they joined the group. Parents and schools need to teach children that people need to have courtesy and kindness towards others, no matter what. People join these racist and religiously biased groups because they feel it will make their lives better, not caring about the others who will be affected by their hatred. Parents need to instill in their children the value of one treating others as they, themselves, would like to be treated. If everyone in this world had respect for one another, people would be able to live in peace and let others believe in what they wish and accept that everyone is different. I believe it all comes down to parents teaching their children right from wrong in the world and raising them in an environment that is centered around acceptance of different ways of l ife and cultures of people. If society would teach their children and change their ways, sometime in the worlds future everyone will be closer to accepting that a mans character is based upon the content of his soul, not his religion, gender, ethnicity, or the color of his skin. .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .postImageUrl , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:hover , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:visited , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:active { border:0!important; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:active , .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7ca0af447c46a7efb2f3161a6b05fa9a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mental Disorder 11M pd 8October 31, 2003 Health Ho Essay Bibliography: