Questions on management leadership and motivation

Questions on management leadership and motivation Organization is generally considered a grouping of activities in a coordinated way to obtain maximum benefits. Thus, the organization is the relationship between the various objectives and factors. Culture is the way in overall life of the people. Culture includes the language, religion and ideas, clothing, customs, codes, institutions, government, law, work of art, morality, rituals, ceremonies so on. Organizational culture is a set of shared values and norms that govern the interactions between members of the organization among them and with suppliers, customers and people outside the organizations. The organizational culture of values means that attempts to create unity, coordination, cooperation between these so within the organization. It could be in the form of assumptions, company logo, etc through these organizational objectives or goals could be achieved by the company. An organizational structure is essentially hierarchical concept of subordination of entities that collaborate and help serve a common goal. Examples: GlobalNokia, Pepsi, Coca-Colaetc. Innovative Risk Taking: The Degree to which employees are encouraged to be innovative take risks. Generates innovative solutions, assesses risks, makes decisions accepts the consequences. Thus, innovation risk taking is one of the main characteristics of organizational culture defining how much it is important to allowing a business innovation. Attention to Details : means to give close attention to what you are doing. It means being careful or paying attention to what you are doing. Outcome Orientation: The degree to which management will focus on results or other than the techniques processes used to achieve those outcomes. People Orientation: The Degree in which management decisions are taken into consideration. Team Orientation: Means working collaboratively with others to achieve a common goal rather than working individually Aggressive: Means trying to spread quickly Stability: It is something when organization activity emphasize maintenance will be in contract growth. TASK-1.2 How Organization Culture is maintained use examples to illustrate how a new member is Introduced to the culture how it affects the business performance? Management of any organization has the responsibility of setting out the goals and objectives. It also watches out how employees are supposed to behave in various situations. As such, it outlines the overall organization culture. For culture to be effectively maintained in an organization, managers and leaders must act as followers and also leaders. Commitment and enthusiasm towards a person or an organization differentiate effective and ineffective followers as well as leaders. A healthy organizational culture is based on mutual understanding and cooperation between the employees and the management. For a healthy organizational culture to be maintained, leaders and managers learn role decision making and law of cash plays in an organization. Normally, when a person is recruited selected after a long procedure he will be taken around the organization and introduced to his colleagues, superiors subordinates. He will be made familiar with firm norms, goals his duties. This will be known as Orientation training. Through this the employees performance is increased and through the increment in his performance organizational performance is also increased. Through orientation training unity, cooperation, etc. will be increased. Through this employees performance will be increased and organizations productivity will be increased. So, this is how organizational climate is maintained. In Pepsi co. organizational culture is maintained through unity. Here leaders employees get together and perform planning, decision making, controlling etc. which are managerial functions of a company. This is the secret of their firms growth development. Training and Development helps to develop and improve the organizational health culture and effectiveness. It helps in creating the learning culture within the organization. Induction training also helps an employee to maintain organization culture and increase his/her performance. Selection is the process of identifying and choosing the best person out of a number of prospective candidates for a job. The candidates are required to take a series of employment tests and interviews. Each stage many are eliminated and some move on to the next stage. THE PROCESS OF SELECTION: Preliminary Screening Selection Tests- This includes intelligence test, Aptitude test, Personality test, Trade test, Interest test. Employment Interview Reference Background Checks Selection Decision Medical Examination Job Offer Contract Of Employment Top Management is a part of level of management. They consist of the senior-most executives of the organization by whatever name they are called. They are usually referred to as the chairman, chief operating officer, president, and vice president. Top management is a team consisting of managers from different functional levels. The basic task is to integrate diverse elements and coordinate the activities of different departments according to the overall objectives of organization. These top level managers are responsible for the welfare and survival of the organization. They analyze the business environment and its implications for the survival of the firm. They formulate overall organizational goals and strategies for their achievement. They are responsible for all the activities of the business and for its impact on society. Socialization No matter how the organizations recruits select, talented qualified employees. If new employees are not fully indoctrinated in the organizations culture. Because they are unfamiliar with the organizations culture, new employees are potentially likely to Disturb the beliefs customs that are in place. The organization will, therefore, want to help new employees adapt to its culture. This adaptation process is called SOCIALIZATION.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  TASK-1.3 What Is The Managements Role In Developing An Organizations Culture? The managers role is to efficiently predict, explain and manage the behavior that occurs in organizations. Specifically, managers are interested in determining why people are a bit more motivated and satisfied. Managers must have an ability to observe and understand the behavior of individuals, groups and organizations to predict what the response will be determined by administrative measures and, finally, to use this understanding and predictions can be effectively managed employees. Behavior can be examined at three levels: individual, group, organization as a whole. Managers seek to learn more about the fact that people, individually or collectively, to behave as they do in organizational settings. What motivates people? This is not some managers and other employees? How people communicate and make decisions? How can organizations respond to changes in their external environment? Management role in the development of organizational culture are developing and implementing management principles, the development of unity among the employees, maintenance-friendly environment with staff managers. Example: Dialogs director came up with latest principles when most of the customers and workers left and joined Airtel. Through his latest master blaster MY10 packages his customers were held and through his vacation packages to employees coordination, unity, productivity attachment with the firm strengthened. TASK-1.4 Is It Possible To Change An Organizations Culture Structure ? If So How? The organizational structure allows the distribution of responsibilities expressed for various functions and processes to different entities such as department, work group and individual. Yes, it is possible to change the culture of an organization. The individuals in an organizational structure are usually hired under employment contracts of limited duration or work orders, or contract of indefinite duration or commands of the program. You cannot change the organizational culture; not knowing where your organization wants to be or what elements of the current organizational culture needs to change. What are the cultural elements that support the success of your organization, or not? For example, your team decides that you spend too much time in agreement with each other rather than to challenge the assumptions and predictions of his team, who have generally been wrong. It is harder to change the culture of an existing organization than to create a culture in a whole new organization. When a culture is already established, people need to unlearn the old values, assumptions and behaviors before they can learn the news. The two most important elements to create organizational cultural change are management support and training. ADDITIONAL ways to change the organizational culture: Practice effective communication- Keeping all employees informed about the organizational culture change process ensures commitment and success. Telling employees what is expected of them is critical for effective organizational culture change. Review organizational structure- Changing the physical structure of the company to align it with the desired organizational culture may be necessary. These units are unlikely to align to support the overall success of the business. Redesign your approach to rewards and recognition- You will likely need to change the reward system to encourage the behaviors vital to the desired organizational culture TASK 2.1 Are Leadership Management Different From One Another? If So How? Give Examples. DEFINITION OF LEADERSHIP Leadership is a process of getting things done through people. (Causing others to want what you are doing to accomplish the work of the organization. Proactive leadership 21 st century) Leadership is the art of getting others to do something you want done because they want to do it. Abraham Zaleznik, Harvard Business Review DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT Management is a very popular term and has been used extensively for all types of activities and mainly for taking charge of different activities in any enterprise. Management comprises of planning, organizing, staffing, decision making controlling. Management has also been defined as a process of getting things done with the aim of achieving goals effectively efficiently. Objectives of management: Organizational objectives Social objectives Personal objectives Management helps in: Achieving group goals Increase efficiency Creating a dynamic organization Achieving personal objectives Development of society There are three levels of management. They are: Top level management Middle level management Operational level management BASIS MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP Meaning Management has also been defined as a process of getting things done with the aim of achieving goals effectively efficiently. Leadership is a process of getting things done through people. Goals Managements goal is to achieve their profit margin or to provide certain services. Leadership doesnt have certain goals to achieve unless until the leader creates. Person Required Managers to lead workers to achieve the goals. Leaders to lead followers to follow their principles. Concept Management concept is complex large concept. Leadership concept is a part of management. Rules / Principles There are certain business laws principles to be followed by the organization to achieve the goals. Here if the manager is wrong workers can pinpoint the managers wrongthness. There are no rules to be followed. So if the leader is wrong then all followers follow the wrong path. Needance The concept of management is very much needed in the organization to achieve their goals. Leadership concept is not required compulsorily in organization and it is only required among labors or labor union. Coordination Coordination among worker depends on principles, managers, etc. Coordination in management is higher compared to leadership. Coordination among followers are managed by leaders. Coordination in leadership is low compared to management. Communication Here communication sent can be reaching very slowly but it is very reliable. Here communication sent can be reaching very quickly but it is not very reliable. TASK-2.2 what is Charismatic Leadership How Does It Work In An Organization? Illustrate With Examples Charismatic leadership is leadership based on the leaders ability to communicate and behave in ways that reach fans in a basic way, emotionally, to inspire and motivate. A charismatic leader is one that provides an environment full of energy and positive reinforcement. If you are naturally charismatic, they are very lucky! This is a feature that is not as easy to learn. Charismatic leaders inspire others and encourage them to be their best. Employees and members of the group want to impress a charismatic leader, so work hard and strive to succeed. Charismatic leaders, which are building a group, whether it is a political party, a sect or a business team, often focus primarily on making the very clear and distinct group, which separates it from other groups. Then base the groups image, particularly in the minds of his followers, is far superior to all others. Charismatic leaders use a wide range of methods to manage their image and, if they are not naturally charismatic, you can practice regularly to develop their skills. They can build confidence through self-sacrifice visible and take personal risks in the name of their beliefs. They show great confidence in his followers. They are very persuasive and make very effective use of body language and verbal language. What is charismatic leadership? Description Charismatic leadership is defined by Max Weber as resting on devotion to the exceptional sanctity, heroism or exemplary character of an individual, and the normative patterns or revealed or ordained by him. He defines charisma as a certain quality of an individual personality by virtue of which differs from ordinary men and treated as endowed with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically exceptional powers or qualities. It is not accessible to the ordinary person but are considered of divine origin or as exemplary, and on the grounds that it treats the person as a leader in quality (). How concerned ultimately, taking into account the factors ethical, aesthetic, or other point of view as it is, of course, charismatic people irrelevant to the definition. Has a remarkable ability to distill complex ideas into simple messages ( I have a dream ) are communicated using symbols, analogies, metaphors and stories. He also enjoyed the risk and feels empty without him, are great opti mists, who are rebels fighting against the convention, and that may seem idiosyncratic. Charismatic leaders are portrayed as heroes or magic organizational leaders have a base of social power to orchestrate turnarounds, launching new businesses, inspire organizational renewal, and get a special performance by members of the organization. These leaders inspire trust, faith and belief in them. Of course none of this is a guarantee that the mission will be correct, ethical, or successful. Charismatic leadership model (History) German sociologist Max Weber in the 1920 distinguished three ideal types of leadership, domination and authority: 1. charismatic domination (familial and religious) 2. Feudal / traditional domination (patriarchs, patrimonial, feudalism), and 3. Bureaucratic /Legal domination (law and modern state, bureaucracy). Robert House (1977) used four sentences to define charismatic leadership: 1. Dominant. 2. Strong desire to influence others. 3. Self-confident. 4. A strong sense of moral values them. Conger and Kananga (1998) describe five behavioral attributes of charismatic leaders: 1. Vision and articulation. 2. The sensitivity to the environment. 3. The sensitivity to the needs of the member. 4. Personal risk taking. 5. The realization of unconventional behavior. More recently, charisma is the state theater (Gardner Alvolio, 1998): Charismatic leadership is a management process enacted theatrically printing to processing, scripting, staging, and acting. Using the charismatic leadership style Applications: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ In difficult times or circumstances, such as changing the organization of emergency. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Note that, according to Weber, a charismatic leader does not have to be a positive force. Both Mahatma Gandhi and Adolf Hitler could be reasonably considered charismatic leaders. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ See groups of basic character of the theory of some of the mechanisms behind a charismatic leadership. Steps in the Process charismatic leadership approach Jay Conger (1989) proposes the following four-stage model of charismatic leadership: 1. Continuous assessment of the environment and the formulation of a vision. 2. Communication of vision, with arguments of motivation and persuasion. 3. Building trust and commitment. The subordinates must desire and support the goals of the leader and is likely to be achieved on coercion, but the leader to gain the confidence in the leader and the feasibility of the objectives; it is likely that this is done by taking personal risks unconventional experience, and sacrifice. 4. To achieve this goal by using role models, empowerment, and unusual tactics. Strengths of the benefits charismatic leadership style à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the relatively strong levels of unquestioning obedience. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ It is useful in difficult times or circumstances, such as changing the organization of emergency. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cash. If the charismatic leaders vision is correct, this style of leadership can be extremely effective. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rhetorical skill. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Energy clarity, interior, visionary, unconventional, and exemplary. MOTHER TERESA Real Name: Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu DATE OF BIRTH: August 27 Th, 1910   PLACE OF BIRTH: Yugoslavia Mother Teresa decided to spend the rest of her life to help the poor and needies when she was twelve years old. When she thought that her vocation is to help the poor, decided to train for missionary work. At eighteen she joined the Irish nuns, the Sisters of Loreto. After training in Dublin for a few months she went to India. In 1928 she took initial vows as a nun. 1929-1948 she taught at St. Marys High School in Calcutta. Seeing the suffering outside the school created a big impression on her to leave school and help the poor in 1949. She started a school outdoor homeless, without funds. Voluntary helpers soon joined her. She also received financial support. On October 7, 1950 received permission to start their own Missionaries of Charity, who cared and loved the people that nobody else cared. Mother Teresa began fifty projects underway in India. Its projects include helping the people of the slums, childrens homes, homes for the dying, clinics and a leper colony. Her projects have been extended to other countries such as Africa, Asia, Latin America, Italy, Great Britain, Ireland and the United States. For all the work that Mother Teresa has received the following awards: 1971 Pope John XXIII Peace Prize, 1972 Nehur Prize for International Peace and Understanding, and 1979 Balzan Prize for the Promotion of Peace and Brotherhood United Nations. Shes a good charismatic leader. She did a wonderful job of saving those people who were like dying. www.myhero.com TASK-3.1 What are The Early Theories of Motivation, How Well Have They Been Supported by Research? Meaning: Motivation means incitement or inducement to act or move. In relevant to organization context, it means the process of making subordinates to act in a desired manner to achieve a certain goal. Motivation distinguishes the sufficient reason of Becoming, of Knowledge, of being and of Action.(From the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer) Abraham Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory: One of the most frequently mentioned theories of motivation is the hierarchy of needs theory put forward by psychologist Abraham Maslow. Maslow saw human needs in the form of a hierarchy, ascending from the lowest to the highest, and concluded that when a set of needs is satisfied, this needs no longer a motivator. According to his theory, these needs are: Physiological needs: These are important needs for sustaining human life. Food, water, warmth, shelter, sleep, medicine and education are basic physiological needs, which are included in the main list of needs satisfaction. Maslow was views that until these needs are met in a level to sustain life, no other motivating factor to work. (Ii) Security or Safety needs: These are the needs to be free from physical danger and the fear of losing a job, goods, food or shelter. It also includes protection against any emotional harm. (Iii) Social needs: Since people are social beings, need to belong and be accepted by others. People try to satisfy their need for affection, acceptance and friendship. (Iv) Esteem needs: According to Maslow, once people begin to satisfy their need to belong, they tend to want to be held in high esteem both by themselves and by others. This kind of need produces such satisfaction as power, prestige and self-confidence status. This includes both internal factors such as the self esteem, autonomy and achievement and external factors as the states of the esteem, recognition and attention. (V) The need for self actualization: Maslow believes that this is the greatest need in their hierarchy. It is the desire to be what one is capable of becoming; it includes growth, achieving their potential and self-realization. Is to maximize their potential and to accomplish something. Motivation2 As each of these needs is substantially satisfied the next need becomes dominant. From the standpoint of motivation, the theory would say that although it is not necessary always fully satisfied, satisfied need no longer motivates substantially. So if you want to motivate someone, you need to understand what is the level of the hierarchy of that person is on and focus on fulfilling the needs or the needs above that level. Maslows need theory has received wide recognition, especially among practicing managers. This can be attributed to the intuitive logic of the theory and ease of understanding. However, research does not validate these theories. Maslow provided no empirical evidence and other studies attempting to validate the theory found no support. OPINION: Such type of motivational technique helps the organization to fulfill the needs of employees and motivate them to work for their organization. Through this organizational goal as well as employee goals can be achieved. Theory X and Theory by Douglas McGregor: McGregor, in his book The Human Side of Enterprise provides that persons within the organization can be managed in two ways. The first is basically negative, corresponding to the category X and the other is basically positive, corresponding to the category Y. After seeing the way the manager treated employees, McGregor concluded that a manager view of the nature of human beings is based on a particular group of cases and that he or she tends to shape their behavior toward subordinates According to these assumptions. Under the assumptions of the theory X: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Employees inherently dislike work and whenever possible, try to avoid it. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Because employees dislike work, have to be forced, coerced or threatened with punishment to achieve the goals. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Employees avoid responsibilities and works to fill official guidelines are issued. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Most workers place greater emphasis on safety above all other factors and show little ambition. In contrast to the assumptions of Theory Y: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Physical and mental stress at work is as natural as rest or play. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ People will exercise self-control and self-direction and if they are committed to these goals. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The average human being is willing to take responsibility and exercise the imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organizational problems. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The way in which things are organized, the intelligence of the average human being is only partially. In the analysis of the assumptions that can detect that the Theory X assumes that lower-order needs dominate individuals and Theory Y assumes that higher-order needs dominate individuals. An organization that runs on the Theory X lines tends to be authoritarian in nature, the word authoritarian suggests ideas like the power to compel obedience and right to rule. In contrast to Theory Y organizations can be described as participatory, where the objectives of the organization and individuals that are integrated, people can achieve their own goals by directing their efforts towards the success of the organization. However, this theory has been widely criticized for the widespread job and human behavior. OPINION: According to McGregor, he says all drawbacks faced by employees. He creates a picture where employees are punished using negative motivational technique and where managers get full use out of employee without any fulfillment of employee needs. Such picture also shows that manager as devil for employees. Such practices are not prevailing very much in our society. The theory of Frederick Herzbergs motivation hygiene: Federico has sought to modify the theory of Maslow need hierarchy. His theory is also known as the theory of two factors or hygiene theory. He stated that there are certain satisfactions and dissatisfaction of employees at work. In-intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction, while extrinsic factors are associated with dissatisfaction. He devised his theory on the question: What people want from their jobs? He asked people to describe in detail, this type of situation when they felt exceptionally good or exceptionally bad. From the responses received, he concluded that the opposite of satisfaction is not dissatisfaction. Feature extraction of unsatisfactory work, not necessarily do the job more satisfying. Affirms that the presence of certain factors in the organization is natural and the presence of the same does not lead to motivation. However, their non-presence leads to demonization. Similarly, there are certain factors, without which causes dissatisfaction, but their prese nce has a motivational impact. Examples of hygiene factors are: Safety, status, relationship with subordinates, personal life, salary, working conditions, the relationship with the supervisor and company policy and administration. Examples of motivating factors are: Brochure promoting the growth of employment, responsibility, challenges, recognition and achievement. OPINION: Here, he says that opposite to satisfaction is not dissatisfaction. He also says that an employee dislike to perform a particular job because he doesnt get the likes through his job. This could be got through the motivations done by managers in form of recognition, achievement encouragement, etc. Theory McClellands Needs: David McClelland has developed a theory in three types of motivating needs: 1. Need for Power 2. Need for Affiliation 3. Need for achievement Basically people need to be high lean toward influence and control. They like to be in the center and are good speakers. They are demanding in nature, forceful in the customs and ambitious in life. They may be motivated to perform if given key positions or positions of power. In the second category are people who are social in nature. They try to join individuals and groups. They are driven by love and faith. They like to create a pleasant environment around them. Social recognition and affiliation with others provides motivation. The people of the third area are governed by the challenge of success and fear of failure. Their need for achievement is moderate and they set moderately difficult tasks. They are analytical and take calculated risks. These people are motivated to perform when they see at least some chance of success. McClelland noted that with the advancement in the hierarchy of the need for greater power and performance rather than affiliation. He also noted that people who were at the top, later ceased to be motivated by this unit. OPINION: McClelland is almost similar to Hertzberg Abraham Maslow. His idea is also given in the form of hierarchy mode. He presents those three levels from where employee needs are very much needed to be fulfilled to motivate them. Through this need are settled from higher to lower needs. According to him a person could be motivated by giving more power, through recognition of achievement, job security, autonomy, etc. TASK-3.2 How Do The Contemporary Theories Of Work Motivation Complement One Another? Definition of contemporary theories A set of statements or principles set out to explain a set of facts or phenomena, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena that belong to the same age who live or occur in the same period. Equity Theory: According to equity theory by J. Stacey Adams, people are motivated by their beliefs about the structure of rewards to be fair or unfair, in relation to these entries. People have a tendency to follow a subjective criterion to balance the outcomes and inputs in relation to comparisons between different individuals. Therefore, if people feel they have the same reward that will reduce the quantity or quality of work or move to another organization. However, if people perceive that rewards are higher, may be motivated to work harder. OPINION: Equity theory helps to ignore social problems between subordinates supervisors in organization. This is because this principle clearly states that there is no different treatment within people working in an organization. Such type of principle should prevail in certain environment like political area. This principle helps another motivational principle known as Goal setting theory. If there is a goal to be achieved with the help of groups then employees in the group should maintain equality. Though they have more power compared to other group members they cannot punish them with stressed job. It will lead to slavery revolution resulting in close down o

Goal setting Essay -- essays research papers

Why Should I set my goals? Saying I’m going to have $5 million by retirement is not goal setting. Although it might sound like I have a goal, not developing a realistic path toward fulfilling it will, unfortunately, turn my supposed goal into what it really is--a pipe dream. And pipe dreams are rarely realized. Goals, however, when properly set can usually be met. Goal setting is the term commonly given for the process of setting and working towards specific, defined goals. Pretty simple really. What is difficult, however, is getting people to sit down and actually do it, even though it fits with human nature. When we want to go on a trip, we look at a map and plan our route. If we get lost, we recheck our map. When we want to build a model, we orderly follow the steps. When all is done, our human nature wins out: we reach our destination, and the model is correctly built. By learning the skills of goal setting, developing success habits, and maintaining a goal-setting routine we can have the map to success. A map that will guide us straight to the achievement of all the goals we desire and deserve. Where Do I Start I started by getting it into my mind that I deserve success /complete my certification, and that success is something I can achieve. I have a strong belief that I can reach this success, and prepared to determine the path towards that success. I am willing to accept that I can finish the certification, and I'll enjoy being successful, and I am willing to es... Goal setting Essay -- essays research papers Why Should I set my goals? Saying I’m going to have $5 million by retirement is not goal setting. Although it might sound like I have a goal, not developing a realistic path toward fulfilling it will, unfortunately, turn my supposed goal into what it really is--a pipe dream. And pipe dreams are rarely realized. Goals, however, when properly set can usually be met. Goal setting is the term commonly given for the process of setting and working towards specific, defined goals. Pretty simple really. What is difficult, however, is getting people to sit down and actually do it, even though it fits with human nature. When we want to go on a trip, we look at a map and plan our route. If we get lost, we recheck our map. When we want to build a model, we orderly follow the steps. When all is done, our human nature wins out: we reach our destination, and the model is correctly built. By learning the skills of goal setting, developing success habits, and maintaining a goal-setting routine we can have the map to success. A map that will guide us straight to the achievement of all the goals we desire and deserve. Where Do I Start I started by getting it into my mind that I deserve success /complete my certification, and that success is something I can achieve. I have a strong belief that I can reach this success, and prepared to determine the path towards that success. I am willing to accept that I can finish the certification, and I'll enjoy being successful, and I am willing to es...

Life on the Border Essay -- Personal Narrative Mexico Immersion Trip E

Life on the Border I used to be a person who was hung up on material possessions. I was always wanting more, never satisfied with what I had. Whenever I would go to the mall, I would want everything that I saw. If I had money I would always spend it. I was constantly buying things that I didn’t need or only used once. I felt like I was unfortunate because I didn’t have a new outfit every week, and I couldn’t get a new pair of shoes every time I walked out the door, but that all changed the summer of my junior year. I was chosen, along with nine other girls from my school, to go on a border immersion trip to Juarez, Mexico. Our teacher, Mrs.Hartrich, thought that it would be a good idea if we would all get together at least once a week to learn more about what it was like to live on the border. But, no matter how many times we got together or how many books we read, nothing could have prepared me for what I was going to experience while I was down there. We left on June 13 on a plane headed for El Paso, Texas. We would be staying at the Loretto School, our sister school, and then every morning we would cross over the border into Ciudad Juarez and go work at a daycare center, Centro del Spiritu Sanctu. Our first day there we didn’t go to the daycare center, instead we met some friends of Mrs. Hartrich’s, Betty and Peter. They live in Juarez, and what they do is help out the people in their community. They also help people who are coming down from the United States to help out for the first time or people who are coming back from Central or South America and need a place to stay before heading back to the United States. Betty told us about the maquilladoras. They are sweatshops that a lot of big corporations in America, like N... ...illadoras, and I now do most of my shopping in thrift stores. I appreciate what I have more and I don’t mind not having a new outfit every day. The people I met while on the trip have given me a better understanding of what life is really like on the border. I try to make other people aware of what life is like in Mexico, because sometimes the best form of help is education. Because of my work at the daycare I now enjoy the simpler things in life, and I appreciate more the little everyday things that I used to take for granted, like running water. The children at the daycare center taught me a very important lesson; simplicity is the key to happiness. There is one thing that has stuck out in my mind ever since the trip, Rueban, a man who ran a refugee center in El Paso, told us, "The poor don’t need us, we need the poor." I will never forget that as long as I live.

Introduce yourself to company Essay

Today, I am going to explain why I am a suitable person to this job. There are three parts in the presentation. First of all, I will introduce to you who am I? And tell about which job am I applied? At last I will discuss why I am the right person for this job. At the first part, I am going to talk about myself. I was born in China on 14 September 1990. I can speak two kinds of language: English, Mandarin and I can understand Cantonese. During the free time I would like to swim and watch movie and cook. I got a bachelor of management degree at University of Ballarat. There are some major courses I had studied, International business, Social media marketing product management, project management. At the same time, I got some awards. Such as got scholarship in Shenzhen Polytechnic (2011) and the outstanding volunteers in 2011 Shenzhen Universiade. In my business card, you can get my contact and you can through the social media know more about me. The last point is my job intention. I am looking for full time or internship job. My objective position is sale assistant, marketing assistant and manager assistant. I am applying for sales assistant on Toll. Toll is the leading provider of integrated logistics services in the Asian region, operating throughout more than 45 countries across the world. I found this position on the Career one website. According to the job description, I think I am the right person for this job. I had ever learned the knowledge about business and some sales skill. I have been tired to apply what I learnt, such as do part-time job on Shenzhentong Co., Ltd which is selling the transportation card with a partner in the metro station. During the part-time job, I learnt something that I can’t get from the class. It was improved my how handling of interpersonal relationships on term work. My partner and I have well done finish our job objective. We have done a great cooperation during the job, at the same time, we building a positive relationship at workplace. I have already got a computer certification CEAC in China which contains about this ability of the software, including MS PowerPoint, Word & Excel. Moreover I will use Mindmanager to organize my thinking. In general, I can use those softwares smoothly to deal with some basic project and report. As a foreigner, I don’t think the language is a barrier to communicate with people. But I had to admit that the ability of written and verbal communication may not as good as the native, English is my second language. With the time go by, I believe the communication skill will be better and better if I try my best to practice and learn. Australia is multicultural country, there are many kind of languages can accept. I can speak English, mandarin, and I can understand Cantonese. Therefore I can dig more kind of potential customers. By my internship experience in some relate job of a logistics company. During the internship, my duties of the jobs was that I should provide admin support, book or confirm the appointment, processing of accounts, monitoring sales materials, sending out external communication and so on. And I just finished my studies, but I am willing to learn more at work. Now, I am going to introduce my personality to you. First, I have organizing ability team-work awareness. I am willing to learn new thing. Meanwhile I am a creative thinker. Second, I am good at customer service skills and friendly to the customers. Third, I have a strong sense of responsibility towards the job, Fourth, I am good at manage time. Give your example. As we know, In China, Cow stands for work hard. So I think I will like a cow work so hard. In western, the dog means honest. So look at this picture, this dog looks cute smart and honest, I also have same good character. You deserve have me. Thank you Planning Notes The presentation has 4 parts. First part is Self-introduction second part is Job description and next part is I am the right person for this job the last one is self-assessment. 1. Self-introduction Brief Information- Give the audience some information about me. From day of birth, Citizenship, Language, Hobby, Education, Major course I have learnt, and award. Meanwhile, show the contact. Mention that get more information about me thought the social media. At the last brief told about my job Intention. 2. Job description   mapply for Sales Administrator at Toll  brief intro the Toll  The position source from career one 3. The right person for this job   Sales skill  communication skills  Expert in computer operation  Work experience 4. Self-assessment  Strong responsibility  organizing ability   team-work sense   Willing to learn new thing  Creative thinking   Good customer service skills and friendly to the customers Good time management skills Today, I am going to explain why I am a suitable person to this job. There are three parts in the presentation. First of all, I will introduce to you who am I? And tell about which job am I applied? At last I will discuss why I am the right person for this job. At the first part, I am going to talk about myself. I was born in China on 14 September 1990. I can speak two kinds of language: English, Mandarin and I can understand Cantonese. During the free time I would like to swim and watch movie and cook. I got a bachelor of management degree at University of  Ballarat. There are some major courses I had studied, International business, Social media marketing product management, project management. At the same time, I got some awards. Such as got scholarship in Shenzhen Polytechnic (2011) and the outstanding volunteers in 2011 Shenzhen Universiade. In my business card, you can get my contact and you can through the social media know more about me. The last point is my job intention. I am looking for full time or internship job. My objective position is sale assistant, marketing assistant and manager assistant. I am applying for sales assistant on Toll. Toll is the leading provider of integrated logistics services in the Asian region, operating throughout more than 45 countries across the world. I found this position on the Career one website. According to the job description, I think I am the right person for this job. I had ever learned the knowledge about business and some sales skill. I have been tired to apply what I learnt, such as do part-time job on Shenzhentong Co., Ltd which is selling the transportation card with a partner in the metro station. During the part-time job, I learnt something that I can’t get from the class. It was improved my how handling of interpersonal relationships on term work. My partner and I have well done finish our job objective. We have done a great cooperation during the job, at the same time, we building a positive relationship at workplace. I have already got a computer certification CEAC in China which contains about this ability of the software, including MS PowerPoint, Word & Excel. Moreover I will use Mindmanager to organize my thinking. In general, I can use those softwares smoothly to deal with some basic project and report. As a foreigner, I don’t think the language is a barrier to communicate with people. But I had to admit that the ability of written and verbal communication may not as good as the native, English is my second language. With the time go by, I believe the communication skill will be better and better if I try my best to practice and learn. Australia is multicultural country, there are many kind of languages can accept. I can speak English, Cantonese, mandarin. Therefore I can dig more kind of potential customers. By my internship experience in some relate job of a logistics company. During the internship, my duties of the jobs was that I should provide admin support, book or confirm the appointment, processing of accounts, monitoring sales materials, sending out external communication and so on. And I just finished my studies, but I am willing to learn more at work. Now, I am going to introduce my personality to you. First, I have organizing ability team-work awareness. I am willing to learn new thing. Meanwhile I am a creative thinker. Second, I am good at customer service skills and friendly to the customers. Third, I have a strong sense of responsibility towards the job, Fourth, I am good at manage time. Give your example. As we know, In China, Cow stands for work hard. So I think I will like a cow work so hard. In western, the dog means honest. So look at this picture, this dog looks cute smart and honest, I also have same good character. You deserve have me. If you want to know more information about me, please contact me. Thank you.

The Significance Of The Philadelphia Convention

Despite its comparatively condensed existence, America has swiftly scaled the summit of world power. This could not have been accomplished without the written constitution that was drawn up at the legendary Philadelphia convention. The convention was a secretive gathering, which brought together representatives of twelve of the thirteen states for the â€Å"sole and express purpose of revising the articles of confederation†. It began in May 1787, having been proposed the previous year at an assembly in which five states took part. Fifty-five state representatives took part, although there were rarely more than thirty-five at any one session. It was held in the State House at Philadelphia; â€Å"the city of brotherly love†, an appropriate location for the establishment of the new America. The delegates worked in small groups, six days a week, five to six hours a day, under the experienced gaze of presiding officer George Washington. After four months of exhausting talks, the delegates emerged having drawn up a completely rewritten constitution that now required ratification from nine states to come into effect. Removal of British rule had left America without an effective government. Although the articles of confederation had been devised to replace the British government in America, they were â€Å"nothing more than a treaty of amity, of commerce and of alliance between independent and sovereign states. It was soon apparent that the articles were unable to adequately overcome the problems that arose. Many leading figures became anxious over this issue and the need for reconsideration ensued. The convention acknowledged this and allowed the opportunity for the most prominent figures in America to rectify the predicament. In early post-independent America, many unforeseen difficulties had occurred. Disputes over trade routes and in particular war debt repayment had materialised due to separate state government. Between 1785 and 1786 seven states had issued paper money, which quickly became worthless, to repay their debts. In certain states, creditors were even compelled to accept the paper money. The central government had to rely on state generosity for its funds and authority, and a unanimous vote if key decisions were to be passed, which did not function satisfactorily due to self-interest. This rendered America as a mere collection of isolated states, vulnerable to attack by natives or rival colonists. The disjointed effort of states to solve their individual problems was becoming worryingly uncoordinated. The short-term trigger of Shays†s rebellion embodied these flaws. Massachusetts had raised taxes to repay its debts, and this hit the poor (who were already struggling in the aftermath of the war of independence) hard. Daniel Shays†s, a discontented war veteran turned farmer, led a mob consisting of over one thousand equally dissatisfied farmers in an assault on the Springfield armoury. Although easy put down, the incident had caused widespread concern over America†s weaknesses, resulting in the necessity for the convention and the changes it would incur. America†s problems in the mid 1780†³s stemmed from an inadequate central government. Due to a lack of control over states and individuals, congress was incapable to regulate America†s economy sufficiently, neither was it empowered to effectively defend not only its territory but also the rights of the individual. Thus the convention was significant as it intended to address the causes of these problems, not the symptoms. Thomas Jefferson, though absent from the convention serving as an envoy to France, played his part. He famously assigned the description â€Å"an assembly of demi-gods† to the gathering. Although this may not have been entirely appropriate, the delegates were certainly formidable; among their number such legends as Franklin, Hamilton, Madison and Washington were to be found. The extensive reputations and abilities of these men are tribute to the importance and prominence of the convention. The collective qualities of the convention also included diversity; there were federalists and anti-federalists, speakers and listeners, idealists and realists. Most of the delegates were comparatively young like James Madison; the average age was forty-four, but there remained ample room for experience in the form of Benjamin Franklin among others. George Washington played a substantial role at the convention. Being revered Commander-in-Chief of the victorious American army during the war of independence augmented his already impressive national stature. He commanded colossal respect over his fellow Americans, demonstrated by his immediate and unanimous election as presiding officer at the convention. He applied this influence wisely, quickly settling disputes and safeguarding America†s best interests while maintaining the atmosphere of goodwill. As a fledgling nation, divided into states and possessing only a loose political system, America was in need of a formal and comprehensive but flexible and durable document under which it was to be run. The convention recognised this fact and accordingly created the Constitution of the United States. The constitution compromised the authority of state and federal governments; for every branch of federal government there was a corresponding arm of each states† government. The constitution also handed supreme power to the central government; the right of individual states to make treaties, coin money, declare war or maintain an army and it required approval from the federal government over regulation of trade. Federal law took precedence, and congress now had sufficient power over taxes, defence, commerce and legislation. The supreme federal court also had the power to overrule the decisions made by state judiciaries, although states still retained everyday management of their legal systems. Although the federal government now had supreme power and authority over important areas such as defence, it was generally perceived that the states would be predominant in organising and managing themselves, albeit under the supervision of the federal government. It was also necessary to compromise over the issue of state representation. To satisfy both larger and smaller states, the house of representatives was to be based upon a system of proportional representation while each state would be equally represented in the senate. These concessions were acceptable to both small states such as New Jersey and larger states like Virginia and thus one of the most frequently debated issues of the convention was settled. The constitution created a sufficiently robust federal government that was now able to rectify the previous difficulties over taxes, debts, security, law and the economy. Although the American system was now comparatively democratic, it was not excessively so; only one-in-six adult males could vote so the fears of democracy arriving too abruptly were allayed. Both state and federal governments were to be deftly balanced. Each branch of government was responsible for regulating the others and could never possess a dominance of authority. For example, the president could make most key decisions, but could be overruled by the senate if the vote was adequate. He possessed much authority but due to the democratic method by which he was elected, it was unlikely that he would abuse it and congress were able to remove him if it proved necessary. Thus the constitution was also engineered to avoid its abuse and ensure that no section of America†s government could grow too powerful. America†s future as a viable nation hung in the balance following its political severance from Britain. Its governmental system was previously untried and thus susceptible to defects. The situation in the North American continent was potentially a very difficult one. There were huge expanses of land mainly to the east still under contention from Indians, the French and the Spanish. Europe was undergoing a great many changes; consequently America†s links with Europe would possibly be compromised. Thus America needed a strong position with which to confront forthcoming problems, and the new constitution provided this.

America: The Land of “Equal” Opportunity Essay

Although the American society that we live in today prides itself on equal job opportunity and progression, it is easy to see behind the deceiving faà §ade. Women have always been viewed as the less dominant gender due to the patriarchy that is provided by society. In fact, women are still making a measly seventy-seven cents for every dollar that a man makes, and the gap is even worse for African-American or Latina women working (Huffington). Even with women having a greater entry into the workforce in recent years, their pay is still considerably less than a man’s (Conley 312). Due to this suffering pay disparity, the women in the workplace are forced to suffer through many barriers that are not thought of and are unheard of by men. It is difficult to break through the glass ceiling of the corporate world for women to get to a higher job title, they are placed into the category of â€Å"caregiver† for children, and finally they are faced with sexual harassment in the workplace. Due to these unfair blockages within the corporate world, the women in today’s society face the harsh inequality provided by the workforce. The glass ceiling of the corporate world is thought of to be a main barrier within the inequality of gender in today’s society. This invisible limit on women’s climb up the corporate ladder poses as a very difficult hurdle to dodge towards success in the work place (Conley 315). If a person simply cannot go any further in their job, why would they bother to put forth more effort? In order for a company to succeed, it is necessary for its employers to go above and beyond what they are expected to do; when a person feels that they no longer must do this, however, the bare minimum will most likely be expected of these people. Women make up 46.5 percent of the workforce in America, yet they only occupy less than 8 percent of the head corporate positions (The Conundrum). This number is astounding based on the percentage of women that make up the workforce in total, and is frustrating for the women who are well-equipped for the job at hand. If this glass ceiling barrier were to be broken, the workforce would have a more equal balance of corporate heads, and would most likely have a more productive workforce because of this. With everyone is striving to make it to the top, all will be going further than what is expected of them. Based on the glass ceiling provided to women in the workforce, a barrier is  created that must be broken through to improve productivity and equality within the work place. Women in society today are seen as the â€Å"housewives†. Due to the gender roles provided by society from birth, women are taught to behave and act a certain way within the house. They are thought of as child bearers, cooks, caregivers, and the person who is responsible for other chores around the house; Arlie Hochschild calls this effect the second shift (Conley 469). Due to this effect on society, women may be seen as less expected to work full-time, when in fact, only 3 percent of women managers said that family responsibilities were a main obstacle in their career (Empowering Women). With women being placed into a set category and role, this causes men to see them as weak and unable to work full-time. This barrier could be broken by a more forward way of thinking towards women’s roles in society. There are plenty of women who do not fit the role of housewife, and by placing them into this role, they are being unrightfully judged. With a more forward way of thinking , this issue of set role can be solved within the work place. Sexual harassment is another barrier which women must face in the work force that most men would not. This harassment comes as an illegal discrimination in many different forms that is intended to make women feel uncomfortable and not welcome (Conley 313). The act of harassment can make women feel very unequal and strange in the workplace, discouraging them from climbing up the corporate ladder. Men do this to subordinate the women in the society, giving them more power, and in most cases they are successful in doing so. In fact, 90 percent of large corporations reported sexual harassment complaints by women employees (Empowering Women). If sexual harassment were more discouraged in the work place, women would feel more confident in climbing up the social ladder without the constant fear of sexual ridicule. With the banning of sexual harassment, the work place would be a safer and more equal environment to work in. American society today still sadly portrays unequal opportunity between genders. Due to the corporate glass ceiling, women being seen as housewives, and sexual harassment in the work place, this inequality will continue to occur for women. These barriers are preventing women from climbing the corporate ladder, which blocks equality in the workforce. If my suggestion to destroy all of these barriers were to go through, American society today would have equal opportunity for both genders in the corporate  world. With equal opportunity, there will be more productivity and greater overall acceptance in the work place. Works Cited â€Å"Empowering Women in Business – The Glass Ceiling – Feminist Majority Foundation.†Empowering Women in Business – The Glass Ceiling – Feminist Majority Foundation. Feminist Majority Foundation, n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2013. Huffington, Christina. â€Å"Women And Equal Pay: Wage Gap Still Intact, Study Shows.† The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 09 Apr. 2013. Web. 19 Nov. 2013. â€Å"The Conundrum of the Glass Ceiling.† Economist.com. The Economist Newspaper Limited, 21 July 2005. Web. 19 Nov. 2013.

Nature and Self-Reliance Essay

1. Which of the three tenets of transcendentalism is the most stressed in the two essays? Use specific details from each essay to support your response. Individualism is the tenet of transcendentalism that is most stress in the two essays of Emerson. Individualism is the tenet that is talked about the most in both of the essays. In â€Å"Self-Reliance† the main topic of is to be oneself, and to trust oneself. In addition, in the essay says that one should do what he or she believes is right, not what others believe is right. For example, if a person considers Judaism to be the true religion then he should follow Judaism and not what everyone is following. Also, the essay talks about how an individual should be a nonconformist. A person should not copy what other people do or believe. For instance, if everyone likes to hunt but one person doesn’t then the one individual should not go hunting just to be like the rest. If a person copies others he or she wouldn’t know what to do when there is no one to copy anymore, he or she would have lost themselves. If a person copies others they lose themselves, and their perso nalities. One must always follow what they believe, and what they like they should be independent from what other people believe or like. For instance, if two people think that the answer to a question is A, but another person think it’s C, then the person should stick to his or her answer and not change it because the other person think it’s another answer. Also, Emerson says in the essay that one should not care about what others think of oneself, for example one should not care if people think he or she is bad or good but instead only if care about what one think about himself. For example, if a person likes reading but everyone says that the person is boring because that person likes reading the person should care because that is what he likes. Just like in the essay â€Å"Self-Reliance† the essay â€Å"Nature† also contains the tenet of individualism. In â€Å"Nature† it talks about individualism in a different way that in â€Å"Self-Reliance†, instead of telling the people to believe in them â€Å"Nature† talks about how to find one true self. It says that to find our true self we must go to nature. In nature one  can find peace, and tranquility to look for there true self. For example, many times a person can’t find peace in the city because of the people and the noise, so they have to go to nature to find peace. Nature can give an individual all the answers one needs. Nature helps a man find reason, and faith. Nature gives the individual all the tools one needs to find their true self. 2. Challenge what do â€Å"Self-Reliance† and Nature seem to suggest about Emerson’s opinion of Change? Use details from the essays to support your response. â€Å"Self-Reliance† and â€Å"Nature† suggest that Emerson think of change as something good and bad. Emerson sees change as something good when the person that does it is because that is what he or she considers right. For example, if a person changes religion because he feels the other religions is the correct one then it is a good change. Change is good when one does it for himself and not for anyone else; because once he or she does it for someone else they lose themselves. For instance, if a person that reads a lot stops reading because he stopped liking reading then it is a good change, but if the person stopped reading because people told him to stopped reading then it’s a bad change. Change is good if it’s going to help the person in someway, and if the person can stay true to himself. For example, if a wealthy person is humble lives in a big house and decided to move to a small house then it is a good change but if a poor person lives in a small house and moves to a bigger house to show off then it is a bad change. A change is bad if a person does it for another person. For example, if a person stops singing to be friends with another person then it is a bad change. If a person changes because everyone else is doing something else it is a bad change. For example, if a person likes apples, but no one else does, and because of that the person stops eating apples then it’s a bad change. A change is bad if the person changes because the other people don’t like what the person is doing. For instance, if a person likes to sing but the other people don’t like that person singing and he stops singing because of that then it is a bad change. A change can be good or bad depending on the situation.